BSA-Decorated Magnesium Nanoparticles for Scavenging Hydrogen Peroxide from Human Hepatic Cells

Abstract

Inorganic nanomaterials have gathered significant attention due to their biological enzyme-like catalytic activities, which are currently being utilized to display excellent biomedical applications. Among these, inorganic nanomaterials exhibiting catalase enzyme-like properties are of particular interest because they can impart protection to mammalian cells from cellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and other free radicals. In this study, we have investigated the utility of bovine serum albumin (BSA) coated magnesium nanoparticles (BSA-MgNPs) with respect to the protection of mammalian hepatic cells with depleted cellular catalase enzyme. We observed that BSA-MgNPs lead to the rapid breakdown of H2O2 and therefore protect mammalian cells exposed to 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT), an irreversible catalase enzyme inhibitor. Results revealed that 3-AT induces oxidative stress by challenging the glutathione (GSH) and catalase enzyme, thus altering the cellular redox balance, which leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human hepatocytes (WRL-68). Results showed that BSA-MgNPs impart protection to the catalase depleted hepatic cells. Expression analysis showed that BSA-MgNPs favorably modulate cellular antioxidant proteins/enzymes and genes such as catalase, thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), peroxiredoxin 6 (Prx6), and Hsp 70 (heat shock protein). These results conclude that BSA-MgNPs impart protection to WRL-68 cells from acatalasia to display better cell survival as well as a remarkable decrease in the intracellular ROS levels.

Carbon dots nanozyme for anti-inflammatory therapy via scavenging intracellular reactive oxygen species

“…In the past decade, many strategies have been employed to scavenge excessive ROS and alleviate inflammation responses, among which emerging therapeutic approaches utilizing enzymatically active nanomaterials as antioxidants have attracted more and more attention ( Thakur et al, 2019 ; Shah et al, 2020 ; Wang L. et al, 2021 ). In recent years, many carbon-based nanomaterials with antioxidant activities have been developed to regulate abnormal ROS levels in organisms due to their efficient catalytic activities like enzymes ( Das et al, 2019 ; Dehvari et al, 2020 ; Wang H. et al, 2021 ; Li et al, 2021 ; Xue et al, 2021 ; Ma et al, 2022 ).…”

Polymer Micelles vs Polymer–Lipid Hybrid Vesicles: A Comparison Using RAW 264.7 Cells

“… 3 − 5 The first reports in this context emerged over 12 years ago and were typically focused on producing fluorescent molecules in artificial organelles for facile detection, as summarized in an early review by Peters et al 6 Recent efforts enriched the spectrum to more biologically relevant functions, such as the intracellular catalytic production of the biologically important molecule nitric oxide, 7 the intracytoplasmic capturing of doxorubicin in noncancerous cells, 8 and the intracellular production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate using encapsulated inducible nitric oxidase synthase and soluble guanylyl cyclase 9 as well as the scavenging of reactive oxygen species. 10 − 15 In addition to immortalized cell lines, artificial organelles were also explored in primary fibroblasts, 16 zebrafish, 17 rabbits, 18 and mice. 19 , 20 …”

“…Nanoparticle-based assemblies are an essential part of bottom-up synthetic biology that aims to integrate synthetic materials with cells and tissues. , Artificial organelles are an example in this context that are envisioned to equip mammalian cells with nanoreactors to substitute for missing function or even to impose non-native activity as discussed in several recent reviews. − The first reports in this context emerged over 12 years ago and were typically focused on producing fluorescent molecules in artificial organelles for facile detection, as summarized in an early review by Peters et al Recent efforts enriched the spectrum to more biologically relevant functions, such as the intracellular catalytic production of the biologically important molecule nitric oxide, the intracytoplasmic capturing of doxorubicin in noncancerous cells, and the intracellular production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate using encapsulated inducible nitric oxidase synthase and soluble guanylyl cyclase as well as the scavenging of reactive oxygen species. − In addition to immortalized cell lines, artificial organelles were also explored in primary fibroblasts, zebrafish, rabbits, and mice. , …”

Biofabricated Nanostructures and Their Composites in Regenerative Medicine

“…To nullify the oxidative stress, the human body is equipped with antioxidants that protect cells against the harmful effects of reactive oxygen species. 181,182 Antioxidants are abundant in botanical materials. Hence, nanomaterials synthesized with botanical materials also possess antioxidant activity.…”

“…Antioxidants are used to accelerate the healing process, as well as for rehabilitation of the aforementioned diseases by inactivation of free radicals prior to their entry into cells. To nullify the oxidative stress, the human body is equipped with antioxidants that protect cells against the harmful effects of reactive oxygen species. , …”