Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf extracts prevent formation of renal calculi in lithiatic rats

Abstract

Background:Bryophyllum pinnatum, commonly known as Pattharcaṭṭa, is used traditionally in ethnomedicinal practices for the treatment of kidney stone and urinary insufficiency.Aim:The present study evaluated the effect of Bryophyllum pinnatum on ethylene glycol (EG)-induced renal calculi in rats.Materials and Methods:Renal calculi were induced in rats by administration of 0.75% EG in drinking water and co-treated orally with standard drug, Cystone (750 mg/kg), or alcoholic and hydro-alcoholic extracts in doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg for 28 days. Weekly body weights were recorded. On day 29, urolithiasis was confirmed by assessing the urinary parameters (urine volume, pH, uric acid, calcium, phosphorus, oxalate, magnesium and creatinine clearance), serum biochemical parameters (creatinine, uric acid, urea, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium), oxidative stress parameters and histology of kidney.Results:Treatment with extracts attenuated the EG-induced decrease in body weight and elevation in urinary parameters (uric acid, calcium, phosphorus and oxalate) and serum biochemical parameters (creatinine, uric acid, urea, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium). Extract treatment also reversed EG-induced decrease in urine volume, pH, magnesium and creatinine clearance, oxidative and histological damages in kidneys. Results were comparable to standard drug, Cystone. Results indicated that EG administration caused renal calculi formation which is prevented by treatment with extracts. The observed antilithiatic effect may be attributed to the presence of high content of phenolics, flavonoids and saponins in the extracts.Conclusion:Bryophyllum pinnatum leaves showed preventive effect against renal calculi formation and validates its ethnomedicinal use in urinary disorders. It further supports its therapeutic potential for the treatment of urinary calculi.

Traditional Uses of Medicinal Plants by Ethnic People in the Kavrepalanchok District, Central Nepal

“…The Crassulacea Bryophyllum pinnatum ( Figure 4A) was described by our informants as useful against kidney stones, in agreement with other studies [66][67][68]. Momordica charantia ( Figure 4B) is commonly used in the traditional medicine of different developing countries for its multiple properties, especially as antidiabetic [69].…”

Composición de ácidos grasos de extractos etéreos de Bryophyllum pinnatum Lam., Ficus exasperata Vahl., Gossypium herbaceum Linn. y Hilleria latifolia (Lam.) H. Walt

“…Oral administration of the aqueous extract of B. pinnatum has been found to have moderately low renal and testicular toxicities [16]. The extract had also been shown to prevent the formation of renal calculi in Lithiatic Rats [17]. However, the probable nutritional benefit should be interpreted with caution due to its contradictory report on cardiac poisoning in grazing animals [18,19].…”

Effect of dietary inclusion of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L) seed on nephrotoxicity occasioned by cisplatin in experimental rats

“…Reduction in the glomerular filtration is significantly indicated by increased levels of serum urea, creatinine and decreased levels of serum sodium which usually occur in certain forms of infection and in chemical toxicity sufficient to compromise renal function (Burton & Theodore, 2001;Yadav, Gulkari, & Wanjari, 2016) The precise mechanism of cisplatin-initiated nephrotoxicity is not well-known, past investigation suggested that cisplatin interacts with DNA, through the development of covalent adducts between certain DNA bases and the platinum compound prompting cell cytotoxicity (Ibrahim, Eldaim, & Abdel-Daim, 2016). Different investigations suggest that CP-initiated ROS and immune reaction which are mediators of nephrotoxicity (Abdellatief, Galal, Farouk, & Abdel-Daim, 2017;Pan et al, 2009;Rashed, Hashem, & Soliman, 2011).…”