Brucella spp. Contamination in Artisanal Unpasteurized Dairy Products: An Emerging Foodborne Threat in Tunisia

Béjaoui, Awatef; Abdallah, Ibtihel Ben; Maaroufi, Abderrazak

doi:10.3390/foods11152269

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…These tests are considered more sensitive but less specific than MRT (Aggad & Boukraa, 2006 ), also these tests are less sensitive than the ELISA test, as the sensitivity of direct milk-ELISA is 95% - 96.5% and specificity of 99% - 100% according to (Jalali et al , 2003 ; Kerby et al , 1997 ; Nielsen et al , 1996; Kerkhofs et al , 1990 ; Sutherhand et al , 1986). In contrast, our results lower than that mentioned by (Kang’ethe et al ., 2000 ) in raw milk which ranged from 3.4% to 3.9% with MRT, and 2.4-4.9% with a milk-ELISA test in Kenya, and also lower than that recorded cow’s milk with MRT test (4.0%) by in Azerbaijan (Aliyev et al ., 2022 ), Tunisia (Béjaoui et al ., 2022 ), Egypt (Nofal et al ., 2017 ), and in Algeria (Aggad & Boukraa, 2006 ). No significant difference was observed in the prevalence rate of brucella among the animal by using the Milk-Ring test or by using the Milk-ELISA test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Investagating the Brucella spp. in 200 raw milk, ricotta, and artisan fresh cheese samples, collected from individual marketing points in four districts in Tunisia was done by (Béjaoui et al, 2022) who found 31.3%, and B. melitensis was detected in 5.3% of positive samples. A percentage of 49.3% of samples co-harbored both species, while 14% of the Brucella spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of <em>Brucella</em> spp. in milk from aborted and non-aborted animals in Dhamar governorate, Yemen

et al. 2022

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Brucella infection in animals is considered a great problem in most countries of the world. Our study designed to determine the prevalence of brucella in field animal’s milk in Dhamar governorate, Yemen. Total of 808 raw milk samples from non-aborted field animals, 120 milk samples from aborted animals, and 30 pasteurized milk samples were teste by Milk-Ring Test (MRT), milk-ELISA test, isolation and identification of brucella species, and antibiotic susceptibility. The prevalence of brucella in milk samples from field animals was 0.8%, 2.6%, and 2% in cows, sheep, and goat milk samples respectively with MRT, and 0.8%, 1.3% and 1.6% in cows, sheep and goat milk samples respectively with the milk- ELISA test. The prevalence rate in milk samples from aborted animals was 33%, 64% and 41.2% with the MRT and 39%, 49%, and 41.2% in cows, sheep and goats respectively with the milk-ELISA test. All pasteurized milk samples were negative for the milk-ELISA test. The result of isolation showed 0.1% of Brucella in milk samples from field animals while 9.2% from aborted animals. All isolates of Brucella species were sensitivities to rifampicin, doxycycline, kanamycin, gentamicin, streptomycin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin, while resistant to ampicillin, erythromycin, and novobiocin. In conclusion, the high prevalence of milk brucella especially in aborted animals needs focusing and build controlling strategies plans to decrease the losses to the economy and avoid transferred to humans with unpasteurized milk consumption.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of <em>Brucella</em> spp. in milk from aborted and non-aborted animals in Dhamar governorate, Yemen

et al. 2022

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“…Raw or poorly processed foods, such as milk and dairy products, meat, and poultry, can be contaminated with different bacteria, such as Bacillus cereus [ 11 ], Brucella spp. [ 12 ], Campylobacter spp. [ 13 ], Clostridium difficile ( C. difficile ) [ 14 ], Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) [ 15 ], Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) [ 16 ], or Yersinia spp.…”

Section: The Impact Of Bacterial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gram-negative, non-spore-forming and nonencapsulated cocco bacilli; can infect animals and humans, causing wide clinical manifestations: intermittent fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, night sweats, progressive deterioration in visual function, periorbital pain, and other impacts in hepatobiliary, genitourinary, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and integumentary systems; transmitted to humans mainly through contaminated raw milk and dairy products [12,32,33] Campylobacter spp.…”

Section: Bacillus Cereusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delving into Agri-Food Waste Composition for Antibacterial Phytochemicals

Berenguer

Câmara

2023

Metabolites

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The overuse of antibiotics in the healthcare, veterinary, and agricultural industries has led to the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), resulting in significant economic losses worldwide and a growing healthcare problem that urgently needs to be solved. Plants produce a variety of secondary metabolites, making them an area of interest in the search for new phytochemicals to cope with AMR. A great part of agri-food waste is of plant origin, constituting a promising source of valuable compounds with different bioactivities, including those against antimicrobial resistance. Many types of phytochemicals, such as carotenoids, tocopherols, glucosinolates, and phenolic compounds, are widely present in plant by-products, such as citrus peels, tomato waste, and wine pomace. Unveiling these and other bioactive compounds is therefore very relevant and could be an important and sustainable form of agri-food waste valorisation, adding profit for local economies and mitigating the negative impact of these wastes’ decomposition on the environment. This review will focus on the potential of agri-food waste from a plant origin as a source of phytochemicals with antibacterial activity for global health benefits against AMR.

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“…Brucella can also be transmitted through direct contact with aborted materials, venereal contact (though rare), blood transfusions, and tissue transplantation. Finally, in areas where Brucella is common, individuals may be exposed to the bacteria through direct or indirect contact with their mouth, eyes, or respiratory system [7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of Brucella spp. in Milk and Dairy Products: A Comprehensive Review and Its Perspectives

Islam

Rahman

et al. 2023

Journal of Food Quality

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Consuming raw milk and milk-based products that have not been produced under strict control conditions can cause brucellosis, a highly contagious zoonotic disease. It is a significant global public health concern, particularly in regions with poor management and limited resources, such as Latin America, North and East Africa, the Middle East, and South and Central Asia. The study aims to summarize the occurrence of human brucellosis linked to milk and milk products and the presence of Brucella species in dairy foods. To achieve this goal, a meta-analysis was conducted on 69 studies ranging from 2001 to 2022, which were categorized into two groups: the incidence of Brucella species in milk and milk products and the prevalence of human brucellosis resulting from the consumption of contaminated milk. The following milk and milk products showed the highest incidence of Brucella species: cow milk (1.86%–81.7%), buffalo milk (10.4%–61.67%), camel milk (0%–24%), goat milk (0%–88.8%), and cheese (0%–39.1%). Consuming unpasteurized milk and milk products has been identified as the leading cause of human brucellosis, with incidence rates varying from 33.9% to 100%. Several human brucellosis cases have been linked to consuming raw milk and cheese in Spain, Israel, and other countries. Various serological techniques are employed to detect Brucella-specific antibodies in milk. The milk ring test (MRT) and enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) are the two most widely utilized methods for detecting these antibodies in milk. Recently developed dual biosensors are a powerful approach for early diagnosis of Brucella from milk. Real-time PCR can rapidly detect organisms, reducing the risk of lab contamination and false positive results. To prevent and control brucellosis, essential steps include proper pasteurization of milk and dairy products, using the milk ring test (MRT) to detect Brucella in individual and bulk milk, immunization, education, and increasing public awareness of the disease. The consumption of raw milk and milk-made products that are not produced under strictly controlled conditions poses a significant risk to human health, mainly due to the high incidence of Brucella contamination. Therefore, ensuring strict control measures in producing milk and milk-made products is crucial to preventing the spread of this disease and safeguarding human health.

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Brucella spp. Contamination in Artisanal Unpasteurized Dairy Products: An Emerging Foodborne Threat in Tunisia

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Prevalence of <em>Brucella</em> spp. in milk from aborted and non-aborted animals in Dhamar governorate, Yemen

Prevalence of <em>Brucella</em> spp. in milk from aborted and non-aborted animals in Dhamar governorate, Yemen

Delving into Agri-Food Waste Composition for Antibacterial Phytochemicals

Presence of Brucella spp. in Milk and Dairy Products: A Comprehensive Review and Its Perspectives

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