Broylerlerde Diyetteki Yağ Kaynaklarının Performans, Serum Kortikosteron Düzeyi, Antikor Titresi ve IFN-γ Gen Ekspresyonu Üzerine Etkileri

Abstract

The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of addition of fish oil, soybean oil and olive oil to diet on performance and immune response in broiler chickens. In a completely randomized design, 320 broiler chickens (Ross 308, 7 days old) were allocated to four dietary treatments (control and three vegetable oils), four replicates with 20 chicks per each. The results showed that body weight gain of chicks fed soybean oil was higher and feed conversion ratio was better than the other treatments in the total period (P<0.05). The gene expression of γ-interferon (IFN-γ) in spleen tissue was influenced by treatments. The mRNA level of IFN-γ was higher in chicks fed fish oil than the other groups, also antibody titers against Newcastle virus in chicks fed fish oil were higher than the other groups (P<0.05). For antibody titers against sheep red blood cell, there were no differences among treatments (P>0.05). Chicks fed fish oil had higher relative weights of bursa of Fabricius and there were no significant differences in relative weights of spleen among treatments. It was concluded that the source of oils in the diet may be affect the performance and immune response, the addition of fish oil and soybean oil to the diet resulted in significant improvement of performance and immune response in broiler chickens, respectively. Keywords: Oil sources, Gene expression, Immune response, Broiler chickens Broylerlerde Diyetteki Yağ Kaynaklarının Performans, Serum Kortikosteron Düzeyi, Antikor Titresi ve IFN-γ Gen Ekspresyonu Üzerine Etkileri ÖzetBu çalışma diyete balık yağı, soya yağı ve zeytinyağı ilavesinin broyler tavuklarda performans ve bağışıklık cevabı üzerine etkisini araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Tamamıyla rastgele dizaynda 320 broyler tavuk (Ross 308, 7 günlük) her birinde 20 tavuk bulunan ve 4 tekrarlı olmak üzere 4 ayrı diyet grubuna (Kontrol ve üç ayrı yağ uygulaması) ayrıldı. Çalışmanın sonuçları soya yağı ile beslenen civcivlerin diğer gruplar ile karşılaştırıldığında vücut ağırlık artışlarının daha yüksek ve yem dönüşüm oranının tüm periyot içerisinde daha iyi olduğunu gösterdi (P<0.05). Dalakta γ-interferon (IFN-γ) gen ekspresyonu uygulamalar tarafından etkilenmiştir. IFN-γ mRNA düzeyi ile Newcastle virusa karşı antikor titresi balık yağı ile beslenen civcivlerde diğer gruptakilere oranla daha yüksekti (P<0.05). Koyun kırmızı kan hücrelerine karşı antikor titresi bakımından uygulama grupları arasında bir fark gözlemlenmedi (P>0.05). Balık yağı ile beslenen civcivlerin görece bursa Fabricius organ ağırlıkları daha yüksekti ve görece dalak ağırlıkları yönünden uygulama grupları arasında belirgin bir fark tespit edilmedi. Çalışmanın bulguları ışığında kullanılan yağ kaynağının performans ve bağışıklık cevabı üzerine etkisinin olabileceği ve diyete balık yağı ve soya yağı ilavesinin broyler tavuklarda sırasıyla performans ve bağışıklık cevabına önemli etkilerinin olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Inclusion of vegetable oils in diets of broiler chicken raised in hot weather and effects on antioxidant capacity, lipid components in the blood and immune responses

“…The result of this study was consistent with studies that reported that n-3 fatty acids was shown to enhance the antibody response of chicks to sheep red blood cells than the birds that were not treated with them (Sadeghi et al, 2014). Inclusion of flaxseed oil in diet improved immune response, probably because of the effects on long chain n-3 PUFA on eicosanoid levels (Swanson et al, 2012).…”

“…Cholesterol level was the highest in chickens fed palm oil and the lowest in those received olive oil. In contrast to our finding, researchers who found that diets containing different lipid sources did not affect blood cholesterol values (Sadeghi et al, 2014;Moslehi et al, 2016). In general, these results agree with the findings of other authors who reported changes in the concentration of serum lipids of chickens with the dietary lipid sources differing in their degree of saturation (Adeyemi et al, 2016;Tari et al, 2020).…”

“…The broilers were bled from the brachial vein at day6 35 of age (1 week later) and blood samples (2 mL) from 2 birds per each replicate were centrifuged (2500 × g, 10 min., 17°C) and the serum was stored at -20°C. Antibody titers against SRBC were measured as described by Sadeghi, Safaei, and Aminafshar (2014) and expressed as the log 2 of the reciprocal of the highest serum dilution giving complete agglutination.…”