Browse Use, Feeding Behavior, and Management of the Malayan Tapir

Williams, Keith D.; Petrides, George A.

doi:10.2307/3807985

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Tapirs in SE Asia occur from low to high elevations and in a diverse range of habitats that include secondary forest and even agricultural areas (Williams & Petrides 1980, Brooks et al 1997). Tapirs in Thung Yai showed the most pronounced difference among ungulates in use of elevation zones; most of their abundant signs occurred in montane forest.…”

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confidence: 99%

Community Structure of Large Mammals in Tropical Montane and Lowland Forest in the Tenasserim‐Dawna Mountains, Thailand

et al. 2007

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Montane evergreen forest in SE Asia is structurally and floristically different from lowland habitats. The response of large mammals to this variation is largely unexplored. We used sign transects to compare community structure of large mammals in montane (>1100 m), and lowland (<1100 m) forest types over 4 yr in western Thailand. Relative abundance of most ungulate species was significantly higher in lowland forest, except for elephant (Elephas maximus) and tapir (Tapirus indicus), which were most abundant in montane forest (based on chi‐square tests of sign encounter rates). Sexual segregation was apparent for gaur (Bos gaurus): breeding herds were concentrated in the lowlands, whereas single males were most abundant in montane forest. Large cat abundance was similar in both elevation zones. Tapir, single gaur, and bears (Ursus spp.) characterized the montane mammal community, whereas most other ungulate species and social groups were indicative of lowland forest (based on discriminant function analysis). Results pertain only to the dry season; seasonal movements could alter the patterns we observed. Differences in community structure between elevation zones are hypothesized to result from differences in habitat structure, resource availability, and human impacts. Lowland forests provide bamboo, grass, and mineral licks, probably accounting for higher ungulate densities despite higher levels of hunting. These resources are scarce in montane forest. However, montane forest functions as a refuge for at least three globally threatened large mammal species, because commercial hunting is concentrated in the more accessible lowlands.

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Community Structure of Large Mammals in Tropical Montane and Lowland Forest in the Tenasserim‐Dawna Mountains, Thailand

et al. 2007

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“…Tapire haben einen Verdauungstrakt wie Pferde (MITCHELL 1903(MITCHELL -1906, und nehmen in freier Wildbahn hauptsächlich faserhaltiges Pflanzenmaterial oder faserreiche "Früchte" auf (TERWILLIGER 1978, WILLIAMS & PETRIDES 1980, BODMER 1990a, BODMER 1990b, BARONGI 1993, NARANJO 1995, SALAS & FULLER 1996, HENRY et al 2000, DOWNER 2001, GALETTI et al 2001, TOBLER 2002, ALDAN et al 2004, TORRES et al 2004. Aufgrund dieser Tatsachen, und weil wilde Früchte sich in ihrer Zusammensetzung fundamental von kommerziell erhältlichem Obst unterscheiden , SCHMIDT et al 2005, gilt für Tapire wie für viele andere grosse Pflanzenfresser die Wasserbad noch deutlich ausmachen lassen (Abb.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Fütterung und Kotkonsistenz von Flachlandtapiren (Tapirus terrestris) im Zürich Zoo

Clauß

Aufranc

Hatt

2008

Der Zoologische Garten

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“…Janis proposed that the endemic genus Megatapirus in Asia presumably occupied a hippopotamus type of niche [48] , this inference coincides with the fact that in China there are no reliable records of Hippopotamus. The Asian tapir, Tapirus indicus, prefers closed forest to forest edge [50] . On the other hand, some disagreements on the paleoenvironmental implications of tapirs have been proposed by Graham who proposed that about 168 localities of Quaternary tapir fossil have been known in North America, most of which are far from the ranges of the living forms, so he proposed that tapirs can tolerate relatively lower temperature [51] .…”

Section: The Taxa Of Warm-adapted Mammals Once Inhabited North Chinamentioning

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Occurrences of warm-adapted mammals in north China over the Quaternary Period and their paleo-environmental significance

Tong

2007

SCI CHINA SER D

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The north and south China faunas are subdivided along the line of Huaihe River-Qinling MountainsHengduan Mountains-Himalayas, to the north is the Palearctic Region, and to the south is the Oriental Region, which is the result of long-time evolution. Hundreds of Quaternary fossil localities have been known up to now, more than 60 of which contain warm-adapted elements which can be referred to 20 species. Among the warm-adapted elements appearing in north China, Hystrix, Macaca, Palaeoloxodon, Dicerorhinus and Bubalus are the most frequently recorded genera. There are three kinds of causal explanation about the frequent appearance of warm-adapted elements in north China: The first hypothesis attributed them to the dispersal events of warm-adapted mammals from the south during warm stages or warm seasons; the second scenario thinks that these warm-adapted mammals in north China were once derived there in situ and subsequently emigrated to the south with the cooling down of the global climate; the last hypothesis believes that these warm-adapted elements were not real warm-climate animals at that time. This study shows that almost none of the warm-adapted mammals in north China was recovered in the loess, and also almost all of the fossil localities which bear warm-adapted mammals fall within the warm temperate zone of nowadays. In fossil assemblage, those warm-adapted elements rarely co-exist with the cold-adapted mammals. All these evidences mentioned above indicate that the warm-adapted mammals in north China represent warm climate, but not hot one. Because all these warm-adapted mammals are widely distributed oriental elements, some of them even still exist north of the Huaihe River today. Up to now, no typical oriental elements have ever been recovered in north China, such as pangolin, primitive primates (e.g. loris and tarsier), big apes (e.g. Gigantopithecus, Pongo and Hylobates), etc. The Late Pleistocene lasted a relatively shorter time, but the appearance of warm-adapted mammals during that span were the most frequent and most widespread. It means that the climate of the Late Pleistocene experienced the most frequent fluctuation over the whole period of Quaternary. mammals, oriental elements, north China, Quaternary, paleoenvironment

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Browse Use, Feeding Behavior, and Management of the Malayan Tapir

Cited by 32 publications

References 1 publication

Community Structure of Large Mammals in Tropical Montane and Lowland Forest in the Tenasserim‐Dawna Mountains, Thailand

Community Structure of Large Mammals in Tropical Montane and Lowland Forest in the Tenasserim‐Dawna Mountains, Thailand

Fütterung und Kotkonsistenz von Flachlandtapiren (Tapirus terrestris) im Zürich Zoo

Occurrences of warm-adapted mammals in north China over the Quaternary Period and their paleo-environmental significance

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