Browning of Abdominal Aorta Perivascular Adipose Tissue Inhibits Adipose Tissue Inflammation

Li, Runmei; Chen, Suiqing; Zeng, Ning-Xi; Zheng, Shunyi; Guan, Li; Liu, Haimei; Zhou, Lequan; Xu, Jin-Wen

doi:10.1089/met.2017.0074

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Chromium appears to have a negligible effect on olanzapine-increased food intake, indicating there’s a possibility of increased energy expenditure as an explanation for the improvement in weight gain. Increasing evidence indicates that an increased expression of UCP-1 in white adipose tissues represents an alternative mechanism for the improvement of metabolic impairment via energy expenditure [35]. Here, we found that chromium not only induced UCP-1 expression in white adipose tissues, but also further promoted that in olanzapine-medicated rats.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Apart from being a representative marker of beige/brite or brown adipocytes, thermogenic UCP-1 in white adipose tissues represents an emerging molecule in the regulation of energy metabolism and adipose inflammation [35]. Although there was no significant difference of UCP-1 protein expression in white adipose tissues of olanzapine group, chromium showed promoting effect on UCP-1 protein expression and further augmented UCP-1 expression in olanzapine-medicated rats (Figure 7).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Olanzapine Induced Dysmetabolic Changes Involving Tissue Chromium Mobilization in Female Rats

Yang

Wang

Lin

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Atypical antipsychotics, such as olanzapine, are commonly prescribed to patients with schizophrenic symptoms and other psychiatric disorders. However, weight gain and metabolic disturbance cause adverse effects, impair patient compliance and limit clinical utility. Thus, a better understanding of treatment-acquired adverse effects and identification of targets for therapeutic intervention are believed to offer more clinical benefits for patients with schizophrenia. Beyond its nutritional effects, studies have indicated that supplementation of chromium brings about beneficial outcomes against numerous metabolic disorders. In this study, we investigated whether olanzapine-induced weight gain and metabolic disturbance involved chromium dynamic mobilization in a female Sprague-Dawley rat model, and whether a dietary supplement of chromium improved olanzapine-acquired adverse effects. Olanzapine medicated rats experienced weight gain and adiposity, as well as the development of hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and inflammation. The olanzapine-induced metabolic disturbance was accompanied by a decrease in hepatic Akt and AMP-activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) actions, as well as an increase in serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), along with tissue chromium depletion. A daily intake of chromium supplements increased tissue chromium levels and thermogenic uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) expression in white adipose tissues, as well as improved both post-olanzapine weight gain and metabolic disturbance. Our findings suggest that olanzapine medicated rats showed a disturbance of tissue chromium homeostasis by inducing tissue depletion and urinary excretion. This loss may be an alternative mechanism responsible for olanzapine-induced weight gain and metabolic disturbance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olanzapine Induced Dysmetabolic Changes Involving Tissue Chromium Mobilization in Female Rats

Yang

Wang

Lin

et al. 2019

IJMS

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“…Recent studies revealed that PVAT respond to thermogenic challenges in a manner consistent with a brown/beige phenotype. Abdominal aortic PVAT experiences a strong browning process in response to cold, as evidenced by increases in multilocular cells and enhanced expressions of UCP1 and PPARγ co‐activator‐1α (PGC‐1α) . Consistently, in mice maintained at thermoneutrality, the expression levels of brown/beige marker genes are repressed in PVAT.…”

Section: Inflammation and The Brown/beige Properties Of Perivascular mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Consistently, in mice maintained at thermoneutrality, the expression levels of brown/beige marker genes are repressed in PVAT. Moreover, cold exposure significantly reduces the expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IL‐6) in the PVAT . In thoracic periaortic PVAT, thermoneutrality enhances macrophage‐mediated inflammation .…”

Section: Inflammation and The Brown/beige Properties Of Perivascular mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation of brown/beige adipose tissues in obesity and metabolic disease

et al. 2018

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Many of the comorbidities of obesity, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, are related to the low-grade chronic inflammation of white adipose tissue. Under white adipocyte stress, local infiltration of immune cells and enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines together reduce metabolic flexibility and lead to insulin resistance in obesity. Whereas white adipocytes act in energy storage, brown and beige adipocytes specialize in energy expenditure. Brown and beige activity protects against obesity and associated metabolic disorders, such as hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia. Compared to white fat, brown adipose tissue depots are less susceptible to developing local inflammation in response to obesity; however, strong obesogenic insults ultimately induce a locally pro-inflammatory environment in brown fat. This condition directly alters the thermogenic activity of brown fat by impairing its energy expenditure mechanism and uptake of glucose for use as a fuel substrate. Pro-inflammatory cytokines also impair beige adipogenesis, which occurs mainly in subcutaneous adipose tissue. There is evidence that inflammatory processes occurring in perivascular adipose tissues alter their brown-versus-white plasticity, impair the extent of browning in these depots and favour the local release of vasculature damaging signals. In summary, the targeting of brown and beige adipose tissues by pro-inflammatory signals and the subsequent impairment of their thermogenic and metabolite draining activities appears to represent obesity-driven disturbances that contribute to metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular alterations in obesity.

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“…Cold exposure can also stimulate the browning effect on abdominal aortic PVAT in HFD-fed rats by increasing uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) and PGC-1α expression levels. Expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and p65 are significantly reduced, while phospho-AMPK expression is increased in PVAT with cold exposure [128]. In addition, cold conditions stimulate glucose uptake and triglyceride clearance in adipose tissues, which may also contribute to the modulation of oxidative stress in PVAT [129,130].…”

Section: Restoring Brown-like Pvatmentioning

confidence: 96%

Perivascular Adipose Tissue as a Target for Antioxidant Therapy for Cardiovascular Complications

et al. 2020

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Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is the connective tissue surrounding most of the systemic blood vessels. PVAT is now recognized as an important endocrine tissue that maintains vascular homeostasis. Healthy PVAT has anticontractile, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative roles. Vascular oxidative stress is an important pathophysiological event in cardiometabolic complications of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. Accumulating data from both humans and experimental animal models suggests that PVAT dysfunction is potentially linked to cardiovascular diseases, and associated with augmented vascular inflammation, oxidative stress, and arterial remodeling. Reactive oxygen species produced from PVAT can be originated from mitochondria, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases, and uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase. PVAT can also sense vascular paracrine signals and response by secreting vasoactive adipokines. Therefore, PVAT may constitute a novel therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarize recent findings on PVAT functions, ROS production, and oxidative stress in different pathophysiological settings and discuss the potential antioxidant therapies for cardiovascular diseases by targeting PVAT.

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Browning of Abdominal Aorta Perivascular Adipose Tissue Inhibits Adipose Tissue Inflammation

Abstract: Our study demonstrated that browning of aPVAT in HFD-fed rats lowered the pro-inflammatory adipokine expression levels and activated AMPK.

Cited by 22 publications

References 48 publications

Olanzapine Induced Dysmetabolic Changes Involving Tissue Chromium Mobilization in Female Rats

Olanzapine Induced Dysmetabolic Changes Involving Tissue Chromium Mobilization in Female Rats

Inflammation of brown/beige adipose tissues in obesity and metabolic disease

Perivascular Adipose Tissue as a Target for Antioxidant Therapy for Cardiovascular Complications

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