Brown racism and the formation of a world system of racial stratification

Washington, Robert E.

doi:10.1007/bf01409999

Cited by 36 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Although skin tone bias is often discussed in reference to the intergroup dynamics between Blacks and the mainstream population (K. T. Brown, 1998), it is a global phenomenon that affects all ethnic groups including Hispanics (Cruz-Janzen, 2003;Hall, 1997;Herring, 2003) and Asians (Béteille, 1967;Prystay, 2002;Washington, 1990). Future studies should include a more diverse set of models.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 96%

Ethical Responses to Public Allegations of Skin Tone Manipulation in Print Advertising: Consumer Indifference or Consumer Concern?

Watson¹,

DeJong²

2011

Journal of Promotion Management

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This study examines the effect of consumer prejudice on ethical responses to public allegations of skin tone manipulation in print advertising. A sample of 156 undergraduate business students read a fictitious news story in which an advertising watchdog group accused business executives of using digital manipulation to lighten the skin tone of a Black female model featured in a product print ad. Participants then answered questions on ethical perceptions, behavioral intentions, and prejudice toward Blacks. Results suggest that low-prejudice consumers have stronger ethical concerns toward the digital lightening of ethnic models in print ads than do high-prejudice consumers. The authors discuss the findings, limitations, and directions for future research.

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Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 96%

Ethical Responses to Public Allegations of Skin Tone Manipulation in Print Advertising: Consumer Indifference or Consumer Concern?

Watson¹,

DeJong²

2011

Journal of Promotion Management

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“…Perhaps the most dramatic illustration of light supremacy as racism perpetrated by Asian immigrants pertaining to non-White people of color is labeled by sociologist Robert Washington (1990) as "brown racism." According to Washington (1990), brown racism is perpetrated by Mestizos, Chinese, Filipinos and South Asians.…”

Section: Non-white Immigrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Washington (1990), brown racism is perpetrated by Mestizos, Chinese, Filipinos and South Asians. It is considered a variation of white racism that probably occurred as a result of historical confrontation with Europeans and ultimately European domination.…”

Section: Non-white Immigrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Supremacy vis-à-vis Non-White Immigrants as Racism in the 21st Century: A Question of Color

Hall

2016

ESJ

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Racism focuses attention upon African-Americans assumed victimized by Euro-Americans as an outcome of White supremacy. The recent trend in immigration by light-skinned non-White immigrants sustains racism via light supremacy. Distinct from racism per se White supremacy is contingent upon race, racism per light supremacy is contingent upon skin color. Demonstration of light supremacy is referenced in civil litigation and government hate crime statistical data. The most dramatic illustration of light supremacy as racism is referred to as "brown racism." As suggested by Washington, brown racism is perpetrated by Mestizos, Chinese, Filipinos and South Asians against dark-skinned, persons particularly AfricanAmericans. Considering definition light supremacy is a product of White supremacy attributed to the aftermath of European conquest and/or domination. Lacking acknowledgement of light supremacy as a product of White supremacy will then sustain racism well into the 21 st century and beyond if not immediately and effectively challenged by the Sociology academy.

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“…Perhaps the most dramatic demonstration of skin color as a pathological existential issue among people of color is referred to as ''brown racism.'' According to Washington (1990), ''brown racism'' involves people of color and their racist attitudes towards darker-skinned persons of African descent and can be acted out by Mestizos (mixed race), Chinese, Filipinos and south Asians. It is considered a variation of white racism that probably occurred as a result of European imperialism, colonization or otherwise white domination.…”

Section: Skin Color and Racismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In eastern and southern Africa, there remain substantial Indian populations brought by British colonization who consider Africans by nature to be an inferior people. Furthermore, Puerto Rico, Mexico, Korea and Saudi Arabia are nations which abhor dark-skinned, that is, African-descended populations (Washington, 1990). Their abhorrence is not irrelevant to their having been colonized, conquered or otherwise dominated by Europeans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of Eurocentrism for Social Work Education: Trivialization vis‐à‐vis Skin Color

Hall

2009

Asian Soc Wrk & Pol Rev

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The significance of skin color among people of color and its relative absence in social work literature is arguably attributed to Eurocentrism. Eurocentrism defines human reality via Eurocentric norms, ideas, values and perspectives. Evidence of Eurocentrism in social work is contained in its literature priorities, skin color litigation, brown racism and skin bleaching. Demonstration of the aforementioned social pathologies involving skin color pertaining to people of color is a critical, existential phenomenon. If social work is to remain viable and be sustained in the future, it must conform to the dictates of changes in the population. That will require a commensurate adjustment and a willingness of its intelligentsia to accommodate skin color and other alternative views relative to education and practice.

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Brown racism and the formation of a world system of racial stratification

Cited by 36 publications

References 2 publications

Ethical Responses to Public Allegations of Skin Tone Manipulation in Print Advertising: Consumer Indifference or Consumer Concern?

Ethical Responses to Public Allegations of Skin Tone Manipulation in Print Advertising: Consumer Indifference or Consumer Concern?

Light Supremacy vis-à-vis Non-White Immigrants as Racism in the 21st Century: A Question of Color

Implications of Eurocentrism for Social Work Education: Trivialization vis‐à‐vis Skin Color

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