Brown dwarf characterization with EChO

Morales, J. C.; Beaulieu, J. P.; Foresto, V. Coudé du; Drossart, P.; Tinetti, Giovanna

doi:10.1007/s10686-014-9434-x

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In summary, about 24000 hours can be scheduled on observations of some 3600 transit or eclipse events. In terms of the time that can be used for exoplanet observations, similar conclusions are reached using our previous MOEA [13] or heuristic [26] algorithms when revisits to targets are considered in order to maximize the science time. The difference of the scheduling tool approach presented here is that it produces plans with a better optimization of the number of completed targets, thus improving also the time used for science even if revisits are not considered, and faster than using MOEA algorithms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Finally, gaps longer than 1 hour in which no additional transit or occultations can be fitted, can also be used for non-time constrained ancillary science such as the observation of brown dwarfs [24] or variable young stellar objects. As an example, scheduling simulations show that 90% of these gaps can be used to follow-up various types of young stellar objects, including FU Orionis and T Tauri type stars, and systems harbouring extreme debris disks [25].…”

Section: Use Of Inactive Periodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ariel mission planning

et al. 2022

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Automatic scheduling techniques are becoming a crucial tool for the efficient planning of large astronomical surveys. A specific scheduling method is being designed and developed for the Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey (Ariel) mission planning based on a hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm with global optimization capability to ensure obtaining satisfying results fulfilling all mission constraints. We used this method to simulate the Ariel mission plan, to assess the feasibility of its scientific goals, and to study the outcome of different science scenarios. We conclude that Ariel will be able to fulfill the scientific objectives, i.e. characterizing $$\sim$$ ∼ 1000 exoplanet atmospheres, with a total exposure time representing about 75–80% of the mission lifetime. We demonstrate that it is possible to include phase curve observations for a sample of targets or to increase the number of studied exoplanets within the mission lifetime. Finally, around 12–15% of the time can still be used for non-time constrained observations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Use Of Inactive Periodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ariel mission planning

et al. 2022

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“…32 and 33 we show a possible mission scenario where the~1000 ARIEL planets are grouped according to their size, density, temperature and stellar type. Optimisation algorithms have been developed to plan the execution of the observations in the most efficient manner [90,161].…”

Section: The Ariel Mission Reference Sample In 2028mentioning

confidence: 99%

A chemical survey of exoplanets with ARIEL

et al. 2018

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Thousands of exoplanets have now been discovered with a huge range of masses, sizes and orbits: from rocky Earth-like planets to large gas giants grazing the surface of their host star. However, the essential nature of these exoplanets remains largely mysterious: there is no known, discernible pattern linking the presence, size, or orbital parameters of a planet to the nature of its parent star. We have little idea whether the chemistry of a planet is linked to its formation environment, or whether the type of host star drives the physics and chemistry of the planet's birth, and evolution. ARIEL was conceived to observe a large number (~1000) of transiting planets for statistical understanding, including gas giants, Neptunes, super-Earths and Earth-size planets around a range of host star types using transit spectroscopy in the 1.25-7.8 μm spectral range and multiple narrow-band photometry in the optical. ARIEL will focus on warm and hot planets to take advantage of their well-mixed atmospheres which should show minimal condensation and sequestration of high-Z materials compared to their colder Solar System siblings. Said warm and hot atmospheres are expected to be more representative of the planetary bulk composition. Observations of these warm/hot exoplanets, and in particular of their elemental composition (especially C, O, N, S, Si), will allow the understanding of the early stages of planetary and atmospheric formation during the nebular phase and the following few million years. ARIEL will thus provide a representative picture of the chemical nature of the exoplanets and relate this directly to the type and chemical environment of the host star. ARIEL is designed as a dedicated survey mission for combined-light spectroscopy, capable of observing a large and welldefined planet sample within its 4-year mission lifetime. Transit, eclipse and phasecurve spectroscopy methods, whereby the signal from the star and planet are differentiated using knowledge of the planetary ephemerides, allow us to measure atmospheric signals from the planet at levels of 10-100 part per million (ppm) relative to the star and, given the bright nature of targets, also allows more sophisticated techniques, such as eclipse mapping, to give a deeper insight into the nature of the atmosphere. These types of observations require a stable payload and satellite platform with broad, instantaneous wavelength coverage to detect many molecular species, probe the thermal structure, identify clouds and monitor the stellar activity. The wavelength range proposed covers all the expected major atmospheric gases from e.g. H 2 O, CO 2 , CH 4 NH 3 , HCN, H 2 S through to the more exotic metallic compounds, such as TiO, VO, and condensed species. Simulations of ARIEL performance in conducting exoplanet surveys have been performedusing conservative estimates of mission performance and a

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“…9 shows how the number of observable planets changes with mission lifetime (based on how long is needed for the required number of transit or eclipse events to occur). Overheads and scheduling are not considered here, see Morales et al (2014) and García-Piquer et al (2014). Note that the targets given here are the current sample which each observation tiers can handpick from based on the scientific benefit and scheduling.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of an optimal target list for the exoplanet characterisation observatory (EChO)

et al. 2015

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The Exoplanet Characterisation Observatory (EChO) has been studied as a space mission concept by the European Space Agency in the context of the M3 selection process. Through direct measurement of the atmospheric chemical composition of hundreds of exoplanets, EChO would address fundamental questions such as: What are exoplanets made of? How do planets form and evolve? What is the origin of exoplanet diversity?More specifically, EChO is a dedicated survey mission for transit and eclipse spectroscopy capable of observing a large, diverse and well-defined planetary sample within its four to six year mission lifetime.In this paper we use the end-to-end instrument simulator EChOSim to model the currently discovered targets, to gauge which targets are observable and assess the EChO performances obtainable for each observing tier and time. We show that EChO would be capable of observing over 170 relativity diverse planets if it were launched today, and the wealth of optimal targets for EChO expected to be discovered in the next 10 years by space and ground-based facilities is simply overwhelming. In addition, we build on previous molecular detectability studies to show what molecules and abundances will be detectable by EChO for a selection of real targets with various molecular compositions and abundances.EChO's unique contribution to exoplanetary science will be in identifying the main constituents of hundreds of exoplanets in various mass/temperature regimes, meaning that we will be looking no longer at individual cases but at populations. Such a universal view is critical if we truly want to understand the processes of planet formation and evolution in various environments.In this paper we present a selection of key results. The full results are available online

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Brown dwarf characterization with EChO

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

Ariel mission planning

Ariel mission planning

A chemical survey of exoplanets with ARIEL

Generation of an optimal target list for the exoplanet characterisation observatory (EChO)

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