Brown adipose tissue lipid metabolism in morbid obesity: Effect of bariatric surgery‐induced weight loss

Dadson, Prince; Hannukainen, Jarna C.; U-Din, Mueez; Lahesmaa, Minna; Kalliokoski, Kari K.; Iozzo, Patricia; Pihlajamäki, Jussi; Karlsson, Henry K.; Parkkola, Riitta; Virtanen, Kirsi A.; Nuutila, Pirjo

doi:10.1111/dom.13233

Cited by 38 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…These characteristics make this tracer, when administered intravenously, an excellent method to measure tissue-specific plasma NEFA uptake rate, but not tissue oxidative or non-oxidative metabolism. Using 18 FTHA PET, BAT NEFA uptake was reported similar in healthy (~5.7 nmol.g −1 .min −1 ) and obese subjects (~3.9 nmol.g −1 .min −1 , non-significant vs. healthy) at room temperature (Figure 5 and Table 1 ), only slightly higher than the NEFA uptake rate observed in subcutaneous neck WAT (~4.7 and ~3.4 nmol.g −1 .min −1 , respectively) ( 114 ). In the later study, slight but significant increase in BAT NEFA uptake rate was shown 6 months after bariatric surgery in obese individuals (~5.0 nmol.g −1 .min −1 ) ( 114 ).…”

Section: Energy Substrates Utilization By Batsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Using 18 FTHA PET, BAT NEFA uptake was reported similar in healthy (~5.7 nmol.g −1 .min −1 ) and obese subjects (~3.9 nmol.g −1 .min −1 , non-significant vs. healthy) at room temperature (Figure 5 and Table 1 ), only slightly higher than the NEFA uptake rate observed in subcutaneous neck WAT (~4.7 and ~3.4 nmol.g −1 .min −1 , respectively) ( 114 ). In the later study, slight but significant increase in BAT NEFA uptake rate was shown 6 months after bariatric surgery in obese individuals (~5.0 nmol.g −1 .min −1 ) ( 114 ). Interestingly, BAT NEFA uptake was inversely correlated with age, waist circumference and percent body fat and directly correlated with HDL cholesterol level ( 114 ).…”

Section: Energy Substrates Utilization By Batsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…In the later study, slight but significant increase in BAT NEFA uptake rate was shown 6 months after bariatric surgery in obese individuals (~5.0 nmol.g −1 .min −1 ) ( 114 ). Interestingly, BAT NEFA uptake was inversely correlated with age, waist circumference and percent body fat and directly correlated with HDL cholesterol level ( 114 ). Using 18 FTHA PET, we reported BAT NEFA uptake rates ~13 nmol.g −1 .min −1 in healthy young men acutely exposed to cold ( 108 , 109 ) (Figure 5 and Table 1 ).…”

Section: Energy Substrates Utilization By Batmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Total brown adipose tissue uptake of energy substrates is calculated from published quantitative, dynamic positron emission tomography or microdialysis experiments in humans, multiplied by a typical total brown adipose tissue mass reported in the literature. Data from ( 73 , 108 , 113 ), ( 108 , 113 , 114 ), ( 115 ), and ( 116 ) were used to calculate glucose, NEFA, dietary fatty acid, and glutamate BAT uptake, respectively. 18 FDG, 18-fluorodeoxyglucose; BAT, brown adipose tissue; NEFA, nonesterified fatty acids; PET/CT, positron emission tomography coupled with computed tomography.…”

Section: Energy Substrates Utilization By Batmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These methods are sensitive enough to demonstrate association of fat fraction in BAT with biologically and clinically relevant end-points. For example, BAT fat fraction has been associated with systemic insulin resistance, central obesity or T2D ( 109 , 114 , 159 ) and with BAT NEFA uptake ( 157 ). BAT fat fraction is also reduced in obese individuals 6 months after bariatric surgery and this reduction is associated with reduction in BMI and insulin resistance ( 114 ).…”

Section: Energy Substrates Utilization By Batmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brown Adipose Tissue Energy Metabolism in Humans

et al. 2018

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The demonstration of metabolically active brown adipose tissue (BAT) in humans primarily using positron emission tomography coupled to computed tomography (PET/CT) with the glucose tracer 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) has renewed the interest of the scientific and medical community in the possible role of BAT as a target for the prevention and treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we offer a comprehensive review of BAT energy metabolism in humans. Considerable advances in methods to measure BAT energy metabolism, including nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), chylomicron-triglycerides (TG), oxygen, Krebs cycle rate, and intracellular TG have led to very good quantification of energy substrate metabolism per volume of active BAT in vivo. These studies have also shown that intracellular TG are likely the primary energy source of BAT upon activation by cold. Current estimates of BAT's contribution to energy expenditure range at the lower end of what would be potentially clinically relevant if chronically sustained. Yet, 18FDG PET/CT remains the gold-standard defining method to quantify total BAT volume of activity, used to calculate BAT's total energy expenditure. Unfortunately, BAT glucose metabolism better reflects BAT's insulin sensitivity and blood flow. It is now clear that most glucose taken up by BAT does not fuel mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and that BAT glucose uptake can therefore be disconnected from thermogenesis. Furthermore, BAT thermogenesis is efficiently recruited upon repeated cold exposure, doubling to tripling its total oxidative capacity, with reciprocal reduction of muscle thermogenesis. Recent data suggest that total BAT volume may be much larger than the typically observed 50–150 ml with 18FDG PET/CT. Therefore, the current estimates of total BAT thermogenesis, largely relying on total BAT volume using 18FDG PET/CT, may underestimate the true contribution of BAT to total energy expenditure. Quantification of the contribution of BAT to energy expenditure begs for the development of more integrated whole body in vivo methods.

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Section: Energy Substrates Utilization By Batsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Energy Substrates Utilization By Batsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Energy Substrates Utilization By Batmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Energy Substrates Utilization By Batmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Energy Substrates Utilization By Batmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brown Adipose Tissue Energy Metabolism in Humans

et al. 2018

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Weight loss between glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists and bariatric surgery in adults with obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Sarma

Palcu

2022

Obesity

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Objective Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonists recently demonstrated 15% to 20% weight loss in adults with obesity, a range which has previously been achieved only with bariatric surgery. This systematic review and meta‐analysis compares weight loss between GLP‐1 receptor agonists and bariatric surgery. Methods The databases MEDLINE, MEDLINE In‐Process, MEDLINE Epubs Ahead of Print, Embase Classic + Embase (OvidSP), and Cochrane (Wiley) were searched from inception to April 21, 2021, for randomized controlled trials and observational studies. Two independent reviewers extracted data, reported risk of bias, and graded certainty of evidence. Random‐effects models were used to pool change in weight, BMI, and glycated hemoglobin. Results Six studies, encompassing 332 patients, were included. Among randomized controlled trials, mean difference in weight between all bariatric surgery types and GLP‐1 receptor agonists was −22.68 kg (95% CI: −31.41 to −13.96), mean difference in BMI was −8.18 kg/m2 (95% CI: −11.59 to −4.77), and mean difference in glycated hemoglobin was −1.28% (95% CI: −1.94% to −0.61%). Among observational studies, mean difference in weight was −25.11 kg (95% CI: −40.61 to −9.60), and mean difference in BMI was −10.60 kg/m2 (95% CI: −17.22 to −3.98). Only one observational study reported glycemic outcomes. Conclusion In adults with obesity, bariatric surgery still confers the highest reductions in weight and BMI but confers similar effects in glycemic control when compared with GLP‐1 receptor agonists.

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Observed changes in brown, white, hepatic and pancreatic fat after bariatric surgery: Evaluation with MRI

Hui

Wong

et al. 2018

Eur Radiol

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Brown adipose tissue lipid metabolism in morbid obesity: Effect of bariatric surgery‐induced weight loss

Abstract: A decrease in triglyceride content, coupled with the increased proportion of brown adipose tissue in the supraclavicular fat depot, may play a role in the improvement of whole-body insulin sensitivity observed in morbidly obese women after surgery-induced weight loss.

Cited by 38 publications

References 40 publications

Brown Adipose Tissue Energy Metabolism in Humans

Brown Adipose Tissue Energy Metabolism in Humans

Weight loss between glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists and bariatric surgery in adults with obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Observed changes in brown, white, hepatic and pancreatic fat after bariatric surgery: Evaluation with MRI

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