Brown adipose tissue from fetal rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta): Morphological and biochemical aspects

Strieleman, Paul J.; Gribskov, Cynthia L.; Kemnitz, Joseph W.; Schalinske, Kevin L.; Claude, Philippa; Parada, Isabel; Shrago, Earl; Swick, Robert W.

doi:10.1016/0305-0491(85)90331-1

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The histologist, unaware of the source of BAT, thought it was indistin guishable from human BAT specimens ob tained from babies. The total quantity of BAT varied greatly from one baboon to another (range, 0.2-2 g/kg body weight) and was somewhat less than that reported by Strieleman et al [16] in rhesus monkeys (3.39 g/kg). Figure 2 shows the extent of 3H20 incor poration into the WAT and BAT of 5 ba boons.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

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Lipogenesis in the Brown Adipose Tissue of the Fetal Baboon

Chakrabarty¹,

Maeta²,

Vidyasagar³

et al. 1987

Neonatology

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The ultrastructure and lipogenic capacity of the white and brown adipose tissue (WAT and BAT) of 10 baboon fetuses (gestational age, 138–183 days) were studied. The axillary, interscapular and pericardiac sites had at least 50% brown fat cells while the retroorbital site contained white adipocytes only. Both WAT and BAT incorporated ³H₂O and ¹⁴C-glycerol into lipids at similar high rates. The activities of enzyme acetyl CoA carboxylase and glycerokinase were higher than those reported in human BAT and comparable to these reported in rodent BAT under unstimulated conditions. It is concluded that in the fetal baboon adipose tissue is capable of considerable de novo lipogenesis and that, despite the differences in microscopic appearance, WAT and BAT have similar lipogenic potentials with respect to the parameters measured.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…A unique protein present in the inner membrane of BAT mito chondria is believed to be responsible for the uncoupling of respiration from ATP produc tion and the subsequent production of heat [13]. This protein has been found to be present in the BAT of many mammalian spe cies including man [ 1 5] and the rhesus mon key [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipogenesis in the Brown Adipose Tissue of the Fetal Baboon

Chakrabarty¹,

Maeta²,

Vidyasagar³

et al. 1987

Neonatology

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“…Brown fat occurs not only in small mammals, but also in larger ones, such as ruminants (Alexander et al, 1975) or primates (Strieleman et al, 1985), including humans (Lean & James, 1986), but the physiological function and biochemical characterization of brown adipose tissue in these species have particular aspects. The main occurrence of brown fat in the bovine and ovine species occurs prenatally and immediately after birth, and it is followed by a postnatal involution of the brown appearance and a rapid replacement for white fat (Alexander et al, 1975;Gemmel & Alexander, 1978;Casteilla et al, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodothyronine 5′-deiodinase activity as an early event of prenatal brown-fat differentiation in bovine development

Giralt

Casteilla

Viñas

et al. 1989

Biochemical Journal

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Iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase activity appears to be a type I enzyme in bovine brown adipose tissue, on the basis of its high Km for 3,3',5'-tri-iodothyronine ('reverse T3') (in the micromolar range) and sensitivity to propylthiouracil inhibition. This enzyme activity is already detectable in perirenal adipose tissue of bovine fetuses in the second month of gestation, reaches peak values around the seventh month of fetal life, declines before birth, becomes lower after parturition and finally undetectable in the adult cow. Iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase activity is present in the pericardic, peritoneal and intermuscular adipose depots of the neonatal calf, but it is always undetectable in the subcutaneous adipose tissue. It is concluded that iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase is a specific feature of brown fat in the bovine species that is not shared by white adipose tissue. white adipose tissue. Peak values of 5'-deiodinating activity appear as an early event in the prenatal differentiation programme of bovine brown-fat cells as they occur when uncoupling-protein-gene expression first starts.

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“…Many nonhuman primate neonates have multilocular adipose cells consistent with BAT, including strepsirhines and both new and old world monkeys, although data from apes are lacking (Rowlatt et al, ). Multilocular adipocytes have also been reported in fetal and adult Macaca mulatta (Chaffee et al, ; Strieleman et al, ; Swick et al, ), adult M. fascicularis (Kates et al, ; Meyers et al, ), and adult Saimiri sciurea (Chaffee et al, ). In S. sciurea , tissue resembling BAT was described in the axilla, which appeared to have increased mitochondrial density following cold exposure (Chaffee et al, ).…”

Section: Bat Activity In Adult Humansmentioning

confidence: 92%

The “Skinny” on brown fat, obesity, and bone

Devlin

2014

American J Phys Anthropol

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The discovery that metabolically active brown fat is present in humans throughout ontogeny raises new questions about the interactions between thermoregulatory, metabolic, and skeletal homeostasis. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is distinct from white adipose tissue (WAT) for its ability to burn, rather than store, energy. BAT uniquely expresses uncoupling protein-1 (abbreviated as UCP1), which diverts the energy produced by cellular respiration to generate heat. While BAT is found in small mammals, hibernators, and newborns, this depot was thought to regress in humans during early postnatal life. Recent studies revealed that human BAT remains metabolically active throughout childhood and even in adulthood, particularly in response to cold exposure. In addition to the constitutive BAT depots present at birth, BAT cells can be induced within WAT depots under specific metabolic and climatic conditions. These cells, called inducible brown fat, "brite," or beige fat, are currently the focus of intense investigation as a possible treatment for obesity. Inducible brown fat is associated with higher bone mineral density, suggesting that brown fat interacts with bone growth in previously unrecognized ways. Finally, BAT may have contributed to climatic adaptation in hominins. Here, I review current findings on the role of BAT in thermoregulation, bone growth, and metabolism, describe the potential role of BAT in moderating the obesity epidemic, and outline possible functions of BAT across hominin evolutionary history. Yrbk Phys Anthropol 156:98-115,

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Brown adipose tissue from fetal rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta): Morphological and biochemical aspects

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Lipogenesis in the Brown Adipose Tissue of the Fetal Baboon

Lipogenesis in the Brown Adipose Tissue of the Fetal Baboon

Iodothyronine 5′-deiodinase activity as an early event of prenatal brown-fat differentiation in bovine development

The “Skinny” on brown fat, obesity, and bone

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