Brooding Rumination and Internalizing Symptoms in Childhood: Investigating Symptom Specificity in a Multi-Wave Prospective Study

Abstract

Specificity of brooding rumination as a cognitive vulnerability for anxiety and depression was examined using the tripartite theory as a framework. The three factors of the tripartite theory (negative affect, positive affect, and physiological hyperarousal) were included in the same structural equation model (latent growth curves) to test three competing hypotheses: brooding rumination as a depression-specific vulnerability (i.e., brooding uniquely predicts shared negative affect + specific positive affect), anxiety-specific vulnerability (i.e., brooding predicts shared negative affect + specific physiological hyperarousal), or shared risk vulnerability (i.e., brooding predicts negative affect, the shared tripartite component common to both anxiety and depression). Data from children in 2nd through 7th grades (N = 303) were collected in three waves over two years. Results revealed brooding to be uniquely associated with initial levels of negative affect and physiological hyperarousal, thus providing support for the anxiety-specific vulnerability. Results from the multigroup analysis confirmed that the relationship among these variables did not differ across sex. Longitudinal associations between brooding and the tripartite factors are also discussed.

Social Support Seeking and Early Adolescent Depression and Anxiety Symptoms

“…Although originally conceptualized as a specific risk factor for depression, there is evidence emerging of relations between rumination and anxiety in children and adolescents (e.g., Lopez, Felton, Driscoll, & Kistner, 2012; Muris, Fokke, & Kwik, 2009). Rumination has been identified as a potential transdiagnostic factor for depression and anxiety in early adolescents (McLaughlin & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2011), and has been shown to account for the relations between these two conditions (McLaughlin & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2011).…”

“…In support of this theory, rumination is associated with a past history of major depressive episodes, predicts future depressive symptoms and depressive episodes, and predicts a greater duration of future episodes of depression in children and early adolescents (e.g., Abela & Hankin, 2011, Abela, Hankin, Sheshko, Fishman, & Stolow, 2012; Abela, Vanderbilt, & Rochon, 2004). Although originally conceptualized as a specific risk factor for depression, there is evidence emerging of relations between rumination and anxiety in children and adolescents (e.g., Lopez, Felton, Driscoll, & Kistner, 2012; Muris, Fokke, & Kwik, 2009). Rumination has been identified as a potential transdiagnostic factor for depression and anxiety in early adolescents (McLaughlin & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2011), and has been shown to account for the relations between these two conditions (McLaughlin & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2011).…”

Rumiación cognitiva y afecto negativo como predictores diferenciales de los síntomas psicopatológicos internalizantes

“…En cuanto a las dimensiones de la rumiación cognitiva, la rumiación reproche presentó una mayor explicación de la variable latente en el modelo; se logró explicar un 82 % de la varianza de la depresión y un 75 % en ansiedad, hallazgos que coinciden con los modelos de especificidad de síntomas según el modelo tripartito de los problemas emocionales y los hallazgos en estudios similares previos (López et al, 2012). Al parecer, la combinación entre rumiación cognitiva y los síntomas emocionales (efectos directos) estarían asociados a la experiencia de respuestas de malestar (efectos indirectos del NA) con un papel mediador parcial (efectos indirectos), tal como indicaron reportes previos sobre vulnerabilidad cognitiva a partir de contenidos esquemáticos negativos y estrés cotidiano (Ciesla, Felton & Roberts, 2011), y el procesamiento rumiativo pre-evento y post-evento en la ansiedad social (Modini, Rapee & Abbott, 2018), que indicaría el papel causal y sus variaciones en la respuesta emocional dada la intensidad del NA.…”

Developing a translational model of binge eating under principles of uncertainty and stress

“…Brooding rumination, first described by Nolen-Hoeksema and Morrow (1991), involves a passive comparison of one's current situation to ideal and desired standards. This type of rumination is strongly associated with negative affect and has been described as a cognitive vulnerability (Lopez et al, 2012). Studies have also found that brooding rumination is associated with ED pathology in both clinical and non-clinical samples (Naumann et al, 2015;Seidel, et al, 2016;Startup, et al, 2013;Gordon, et al, 2012;Holm-Denoma & Hankin, 2010).…”