“…A paucity of data exists pertaining to the indication for bronchoscopy in the setting of pleural disease as reinforced by the diversity of recommendation in recent reviews. [26][27][28] Tuberculosis and malignancy are the two most common causes of EUO, and both lend themselves to evaluation by bronchoscopy and transbronchial biopsies. A radiographic selection process occurs in most clinical situations where an abnormal mediastinum, parenchymal lesions, or volume loss invite early fiberoptic bronchial tree examina-tion.…”