Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Children. An Up-to-Date View of Disease Outcomes

Abstract

Introduction. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic neonatal lung disease, with oxygen dependence by 36 weeks post conceptual age (PCA). Over the past decade, the frequency of the disease has increased. More and more modern scientific data are published that BPD has an adverse effect not just the development of the lungs, but also on the cardiovascular system. There is a large amount of information in the literature about the outcomes of BPD, but there is not enough information about the consequences of cardiovascular disorders in children with a history of BPD. Lack of clear criteria to predict and prevent to demonstrate cardiovascular disorders, were the basis for a detailed study of the literature concerning this issue.Purpose of the study based on study of the results of studies by local and foreign authors, to analyze the nature of cardiovascular disorders in children with a history of BPD, and to determine directions for more detailed scientific and practical search for a solution to this problem.Materials and methods. Research articles were searched for keywords “bronchopulmonary dysplasia” and “сardiovascular disorders” in the PubMed, UpToDate, Google Scholar databases, eLibrary.ru. At least 80 publications have been extracted from search results for simplification. Analyses of the results of studies by local and foreign authors on outcomes, BPD, including cardiovascular disorders, was carried out.Results and discussion. At the moment, the outcomes of BPD are well understood, while few information on cardiovascular disorders and possible prognosis for children who have undergone BPD.Conclusion. Cardiovascular disorders in children with a history of BPD are a pressing problem in pediatric practice. The presented literature review summarizes the information accumulated over several years on the outcomes of cardiovascular changes and determines the direction for further study of the problem, involving pediatricians and doctors of other specialties in order to identify groups at increased risk for the development of these diseases in children.