Bronchodilation induced by muscular contraction in spontaneously breathing rabbits: Neural or mechanical?

Marchal, François; Evrot, Emeline; Demoulin, Bruno; Poussel, Mathias; Varechova, Silvia

doi:10.1016/j.resp.2011.12.006

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Our study shows an unchanged CR sensitivity during exercise in the OVA sensitized and challenged rabbits in contrast with the decrease of CR in the control animals. The impact of exercise in the modulation of cough is often discussed with respect to the state of contraction/relaxation of airway smooth muscle as a consequence of the numerous adaptive responses (involving neural and mechanical mechanisms) generated during physical activity and principally leading to exercise-induced bronchodilation [ 14 , 46 , 47 ]. As bronchoconstriction is able to modulate cough by enhancing the CR [ 48 ], one might expect that bronchodilation would decrease cough induced by mechanical stimulation of the airways [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of desensitization of the cough reflex in ovalbumin-sensitized rabbits during exercise

Tiotiu¹,

Chenuel²,

Foucaud³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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IntroductionCough is a major symptom of asthma frequently experienced during exercise but little is known about interactions between cough and exercise. The goal of our study was to clarify the potential modulation of the cough reflex (CR) by exercise in a spontaneously breathing anaesthetized animal model of airway eosinophilic inflammation.Materials & methodsTen ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized adult rabbits and 8 controls were studied. The ventilatory response to direct tracheal stimulation, performed both at rest and during exercise was determined to quantify the incidence and the sensitivity of the CR.Broncho-alveolar lavages (BAL) and cell counts were performed to assess the level of the airway inflammation following OVA-induced sensitization. Exercise was mimicked by Electrically induced hindlimb Muscular Contractions (EMC).ResultsAmong 494 tracheal stimulations, 261 were performed at rest and 233 at exercise. OVA challenges in sensitized rabbits caused a significant increase in the percentage of eosinophils (p = 0.008) in BAL. EMC increased minute ventilation by 36% and 35% in OVA and control rabbits respectively, compared to rest values. The sensitivity of the CR decreased during exercise compared to baseline in control rabbits (p = 0.0313) while it remained unchanged in OVA rabbits.ConclusionThe desensitization of the CR during exercise in control rabbits was abolished in OVA rabbits. The precise role of airway inflammation in this lack of CR desensitization needs to be further investigated but it might contribute to the exercise-induced cough in asthmatics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of desensitization of the cough reflex in ovalbumin-sensitized rabbits during exercise

Tiotiu¹,

Chenuel²,

Foucaud³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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“…Chest wall vibrations increase the cough threshold to citric acid (Kondo et al, 1998), a suggestion that hyperpnoea related increased input from mechanoreceptors such as those located to intercostal muscles and/or costo-vertebral joints inhibits the cough reflex (Javorka et al, 1994). Bronchodilation has also been documented in exercising humans (Freedman, 1992; Crimi et al, 2002) as well as in an experimental exercise animal model (Marchal et al, 2012), where the cough reflex was also found to be inhibited (Poussel et al, 2014). The decreased strain to the airway wall structure with bronchodilation may contribute to desensitize the airway cough receptor and therefore to down regulate the cough reflex (Smith et al, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Down-Regulation of Cough during Exercise Is Less Frequent in Healthy Children than Adults. Role of the Development and/or Atopy?

et al. 2017

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Cough is typically associated with physical activity in children with asthma, but the characteristics of the relationship between cough and exercise has not been established under physiological conditions. The aim of the study was to describe the effect of exercise on the reflex cough response elicited by a single breath of capsaicin in non-asthmatic children. A group of non-asthmatic adults was studied as reference. Thirty children and 29 adults were recruited. The cough reflex sensitivity to capsaicin was first determined to establish the dose that provokes 5 cough efforts (C5). The number of coughs elicited by C5 (NC5) was then compared at baseline and during a standardized submaximal treadmill exercise. Data are expressed as median (interquartile range). Children and adults showed a significant decrease in NC5 (respectively from 5.0 (4.0–6.0) to 2.5 (2.0–4.0), p < 0.0005 and from 6.0 (5.0–7.0) to 2.0 (0.0–3.0, p < 0.0005). During exercise, NC5 was observed to decrease in all adult subjects, but in only 24/30 children (80%, p = 0.02). A trend for a higher incidence of personal and familial atopy was observed in children that lacked cough down-regulation during exercise compared with other children. It is concluded that the cough reflex response to capsaicin is down regulated by exercise in both children and adults. The effect however is less consistently observed in the former. The difference may reflect maturation of descending inhibitory pathways of the cough reflex, but may also be associated to atopy. The data stress the importance of assessing the time relationship of cough and exercise in questionnaire studies of asthma.

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“…Bronchomotricity is also another factor putted forward in the modulation of cough during exercise. EIB has been associated to desensitization of airway cough receptors (Smith et al, 1991) therefore contributing, at least partially, to the down regulation of CR during exercise (Marchal et al, 2012;Poussel et al, 2014). On the other hand, airway smooth muscle contraction appeared ineffective to directly trigger cough (El-Hashim and Amine, 2005) but may indirectly enhance cough induced by mechanical stimulation of the respiratory tract (Widdicombe, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desensitization of the Cough Reflex Induced by Corticosteroids in Ovalbumin-Sensitized Rabbits During Artificial Limb Exercise

Valentin¹,

Chenuel²,

Demoulin‐Alexikova³

et al. 2020

Front. Physiol.

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Introduction: Cough is a major symptom frequently experienced during exercise, mainly in asthmatic patients. Inhaled glucocorticoids represent the keystone treatment in the management of asthma, but little is known about interactions between cough and exercise, especially in controlled patients. During exercise, cough reflex (CR) appears downregulated in healthy animal models whereas a lack of desensitization of CR has been shown in ovalbumin-sensitized animal models, mimicking asthmatic disease. Aims and Objectives:The goal of our study was to clarify the potential modulation of the CR induced by inhaled corticosteroids (CS) in ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized rabbits during artificial limb exercise.Materials and Methods: Seventeen OVA sensitized rabbits were studied. Among them, 9 were treated with CS delivered intravenously (OVA-Corticoids). The ventilatory response to direct tracheal stimulation, performed at rest and during exercise, was determined to assess the incidence and the sensitivity of the CR. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and cell counts were performed to determine the level of airway inflammation. Exercise was mimicked by electrically induced hindlimb muscular contractions (EMC).Results: Compared to rest values, EMC increased minute ventilation by 28% without any decrease in respiratory resistance (Rsr). Among 322 tracheal stimulations, 172 (53%) were performed at rest and 150 (47%) during exercise. The sensitivity of CR decreased during artificial limb exercise compared to baseline in OVA-Corticoids rabbits (p = 0.0313) while it remained unchanged in OVA rabbits (p = NS). Conclusion:Corticosteroids appear to restore the desensitization of the CR in OVA sensitized rabbits during artificial limb exercise, suggesting the potential role of airway inflammation in the pathophysiology of cough during exercise in asthmatics.

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Bronchodilation induced by muscular contraction in spontaneously breathing rabbits: Neural or mechanical?

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Lack of desensitization of the cough reflex in ovalbumin-sensitized rabbits during exercise

Lack of desensitization of the cough reflex in ovalbumin-sensitized rabbits during exercise

Down-Regulation of Cough during Exercise Is Less Frequent in Healthy Children than Adults. Role of the Development and/or Atopy?

Desensitization of the Cough Reflex Induced by Corticosteroids in Ovalbumin-Sensitized Rabbits During Artificial Limb Exercise

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