Bronchiolitis and SARS-CoV-2

Milani, Gregorio P.; Bollati, Valentina; Ruggiero, Luca; Bosis, Samantha; Pinzani, Raffaella; Lunghi, G.; Rota, Federica; Dioni, Laura; Luganini, Anna; Agostoni, Carlo; Marchisio, Paola

doi:10.1136/archdischild-2020-321108

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…As for bronchiolitis due to SARS-CoV-2, coronaviruses other than SARS-CoV-2 are also sometimes detected in respiratory samples, often presenting as co-infections. However, in contrast to what was reported by Milani PG et al [ 24 ], we did not find any cases of bronchiolitis due to SARS-CoV-2 during the 2019–2020 season. Instead, we identified the first case of SARS-CoV-2-related bronchiolitis in the 15th week of the current season (2020–2021).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Bronchiolitis, epidemiological changes during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

et al. 2022

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Background Bronchiolitis is the most common viral infection of the lower respiratory tract in infants under 2 years of age. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the seasonal bronchiolitis peaks before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Methods Descriptive, prospective, and observational study. Patients with severe bronchiolitis admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of a referral tertiary hospital between September 2010 and June 2021 were included. Demographic data were collected. Viral laboratory-confirmation was carried out. Each season was analyzed and compared. The daily average temperature was collected. Results 1116 patients were recruited, 58.2% of them males. The median age was 49 days. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was isolated in 782 cases (70.1%). In April 2021, the first and only case of bronchiolitis caused by SARS-CoV-2 was identified. The pre- and post-pandemic periods were compared. There were statistically significant differences regarding: age, 47 vs. 73 days (p = 0.006), PICU and hospital length of stay (p = 0.024 and p = 0.001, respectively), and etiology (p = 0.031). The peak for bronchiolitis in 2020 was non-existent before week 52. A delayed peak was seen around week 26/2021. The mean temperature during the epidemic peak was 10ºC for the years of the last decade and is 23ºC for the present season. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak has led to a clearly observable epidemiological change regarding acute bronchiolitis, which should be studied in detail. The influence of the environmental temperature does not seem to determine the viral circulation.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Bronchiolitis, epidemiological changes during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

et al. 2022

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“…Most children affected by SARS-CoV-2 develop an asymptomatic or mild disease [ 27 , 28 ]. On the other hand, a minority of cases present more severe manifestations such as lower tract respiratory infections (e.g., bronchiolitis or pneumonia) or cardiac diseases, as in the case of multisystem inflammatory system [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. Recent data showed that the risk of hospitalization for COVID-19 illness in children, including admission to intensive care units, is similar to that of influenza [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Parents of Children and Adolescents Living in Brazil

et al. 2021

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Background: The immunization of large portions of populations in low/middle-income countries is considered one of the key measures to limit the development of new SARS-CoV-2 variants. However, parental vaccine hesitancy might be an important obstacle to pediatric vaccination. The aim of this survey was to study the prevalence and extent of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among parents of children and adolescents living in Brazil. Methods: Caregivers of children and adolescents referred to the emergency department of Hospital Estadual de Bauru, São Paulo (Brazil) were invited to fill in a validated questionnaire on vaccine hesitancy and to report their willingness for themselves and their offspring to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Results: A total of 501 consecutive caregivers filled in the survey. Response rate was 100%. A minority (N = 14, 2.8%) of caregivers were hesitant about vaccines. Despite this, half of them declared they were willing to vaccinate their offspring against COVID-19. Conclusions: This survey identifies that vaccine hesitancy is very low among caregivers living in Brazil and that even many of the hesitant caregivers are willing to vaccinate their offspring against COVID-19. This study highlights the importance of offering the COVID-19 vaccination to the whole population, including subjects that present uncertainty about other vaccines.

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“…Data on SARS-CoV-2 infection in the paediatric age suggest that, in most cases, children develop a milder disease compared with adults, with hospitalisation or admission to intensive care unit (ICU) being required in only a minority of cases 6. To date, little data are available about the role of SARS-CoV-2 in the development of bronchiolitis in infants and newborns 7 8…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in infants with bronchiolitis: a multicentre international study

et al. 2022

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BackgroundBronchiolitis is the leading acute respiratory tract infection in infants during the winter season. Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a reduction in the number of bronchiolitis diagnoses has been registered.ObjectiveThe present study aimed to describe the incidence and clinical features of bronchiolitis during the 2020–2021 winter season in a large cohort of children in Europe and Israel, and to clarify the role of SARS-CoV-2.Setting, patients, interventionsWe conducted a multicentre observational cross-sectional study in 23 paediatric emergency departments in Europe and Israel. Clinical and demographic data about all the cases of infants diagnosed with bronchiolitis from 1 October 2020 to 30 April 2021 were collected. For each enrolled patient, diagnostic tests, treatments and outcomes were reported.Main outcome measuresThe main outcome was the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2-positive bronchiolitis.ResultsThree hundred and fourteen infants received a diagnosis of bronchiolitis during the study period. Among 535 infants who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, 16 (3%) had bronchiolitis. Median age, male sex predominance, weight, history of prematurity and presence of comorbidities did not differ between the SARS-CoV-2-positive and SARS-CoV-2-negative groups. Rhinovirus was the most common involved pathogen, while respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was detected in one case. SARS-CoV-2 bronchiolitis had a mild clinical course, with one patient receiving oxygen supplementation and none requiring paediatric or neonatal intensive care unit admission.ConclusionsDuring the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a marked decrease in the number of bronchiolitis diagnoses and the disappearance of the RSV winter epidemic were observed. SARS-CoV-2-related bronchiolitis was rare and mostly displayed a mild clinical course.

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Bronchiolitis and SARS-CoV-2

Cited by 17 publications

References 5 publications

Bronchiolitis, epidemiological changes during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Bronchiolitis, epidemiological changes during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Parents of Children and Adolescents Living in Brazil

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in infants with bronchiolitis: a multicentre international study

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