Broiler Chick Thrombocyte Response to Lipopolysaccharide

Ferdous, Farzana; Maurice, D. V.; Scott, T. R.

doi:10.3382/ps.2007-00356

Cited by 31 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Finally, there was no upregulation of TLR4 or of some of the downstream effectors of TLR4, such as IL-1␤, IL-8, and LITAF (in the resistant line only). This is in clear contrast with what has been reported for the acute phase, during which a massive recruitment of heterophils and macrophages has been observed (43) and the levels of expression of IL-8 and IL-1␤ have been shown to be increased in vitro and in vivo (5,11,17,36). Overall, this suggests that mechanisms responsible for resistance to infection and those involved in resistance to the carrier state are different.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Expression of Toll-Like Receptor 4 and Downstream Effectors in Selected Cecal Cell Subpopulations of Chicks Resistant or Susceptible to Salmonella Carrier State

Chaussé¹,

Grépinet²,

Bottreau³

et al. 2011

Infect Immun

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Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which recognizes lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacteria, plays a major role in resistance of mice and humans to Salmonella infection. In chickens, Salmonella may establish a carrier state whereby bacteria are able to persist in the host organism without triggering clinical signs. Based on cellular morphological parameters, we developed a method, without using antibodies, to separate three cecal cell subpopulations: lymphocytes, enterocytes, and a population encompassing multiple cell types. We analyzed the mRNA expression of TLR4, interleukin-1␤ (IL-1␤), IL-8, IL-12, and lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha factor (LITAF) in cecal subpopulations of chicks from inbred lines resistant or susceptible to the carrier state infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. The results showed that resistance to the carrier state in chicks is associated with a larger percentage of lymphocytes and with higher levels of expression of TLR4 and IL-8 at homeostasis in the three cell subpopulations, as well as with a higher level of expression of LITAF in lymphocytes during the carrier state. In contrast to the early phase of infection, the carrier state is characterized by no major cell recruitment differences between infected and noninfected animals and no significant modification in terms of TLR4, IL-1␤, IL-8, IL-12, and LITAF expression in all cell subpopulations measured. However, TLR4 expression increased in the lymphocytes of chicks from the susceptible line, reaching the same level as that in infected chicks from the resistant line. These observations suggest that the carrier state is characterized by a lack of immune activation and highlight the interest of working at the level of the cell population rather than that of the organ.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Expression of Toll-Like Receptor 4 and Downstream Effectors in Selected Cecal Cell Subpopulations of Chicks Resistant or Susceptible to Salmonella Carrier State

Chaussé¹,

Grépinet²,

Bottreau³

et al. 2011

Infect Immun

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“…In the current study, feeding ascorbic acid, β-glucan, and corticosterone did not cause observable effects on splenic expression of selected genes (IL-1β, IL-2, iNOS, TLR4, and TLR15). This observation is similar to the findings reported by Ferdous et al (2008), who observed no significant effects of diets containing vitamin C and corticosterone fed to chicks between 2 and 4 wk of age on expression of IL-1β and other proinflammatory genes in thrombocytes. Expression of IL-1β and IL-2 was not significantly changed after dietary vitamin E supplementation to chicks from 1 d to 4 wk of age (Leshchinsky and Klasing, 2003).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Immune response gene expression in spleens of diverse chicken lines fed dietary immunomodulators

et al. 2011

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Vaccines, antibiotics, and other therapeutic agents used to combat disease in poultry generate recurring costs and the potential of residues in poultry products. Enhancing the immune response using alternative approaches such as selection for increased disease resistance or dietary immunomodulation may be effective additions to the portfolio of strategies the industry applies in poultry health management. The objective of this study was to characterize the effects of dietary supplementation with 3 immunomodulators [ascorbic acid, 1,3-1,6 β-glucans from baker's yeast, and corticosterone] on cytokine gene expression in the spleen of 3 distinct genetic lines of chickens. Relative mRNA expression levels were determined using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR for IL-1β, IL-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and toll-like receptors 4 and 15, all of which play important roles in chicken immune function. Expression data were analyzed by mixed model analysis. The only significant effect detected was sex effect (P < 0.04) on expression of IL-1β. The present findings suggest the need for further investigations into the effects of dietary immunomodulators on cytokine gene expression in chickens so as to generate a better understanding of the immunomodulation process.

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“…They express the major histocompatibility complex II and co-stimulatory molecules CD40, CD80, and CD86 (Ferdous et al, 2008). In addition of being unconventional, these expressions resemble innate effector cells in function and have a unique role in affecting adaptive immunity in chickens (Scott & Owens, 2008).…”

Section: Effects Of Glycyrrhizic Acid On Productive and Immune Paramementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Glycyrrhizic Acid on Productive and Immune Parameters of Broilers

Ocampo

Gómez-Verduzco

Tapia-Pérez

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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KeywordsBroiler chickens, growth promotion, immune system, glycyrrhizic acid.Submitted: February/2015 Approved: March/2016 ABSTRACT Considering that glycyrrhizic acid (GRA) has been shown to have in-vitro and in-vivo antiviral activity against a wide range of viruses as well as immunostimulating activity, a trial to evaluate its effects on the performance and the immune response against Newcastle disease of broiler chickens was carried out. The study was performed with oneday-old Ross x Ross broiler chickens. GRA was added to the drinking water throughout the 49-d production cycle at a dose of 0.03%. Sample size of the trial was established in a pilot assay. Results showed that broiler chickens treated with GRA presented better weight gain, final body weight, feed conversion ratio, and lower mortality rate than the non-treated controls. In addition, GRA-treated birds presented higher antibody titers against Newcastle disease virus and more efficient cellular immune response, as demonstrated by the late-hypersensitivity response test. Blood lymphocyte and thrombocyte counts also increased in this group. The histopathological examination of the bursa, spleen, and thymus revealed that only the thymus of the GRA-treated group had a clearly defined increase in cortex thickness on day 49. The bursa showed a higher number of lymphoid lesions in CG on days 21 and 49 compared with the GRA group. These results suggest that GRA has growth promotion properties, which are possibly linked to immunebased effects.

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Broiler Chick Thrombocyte Response to Lipopolysaccharide

Cited by 31 publications

References 20 publications

Expression of Toll-Like Receptor 4 and Downstream Effectors in Selected Cecal Cell Subpopulations of Chicks Resistant or Susceptible to Salmonella Carrier State

Expression of Toll-Like Receptor 4 and Downstream Effectors in Selected Cecal Cell Subpopulations of Chicks Resistant or Susceptible to Salmonella Carrier State

Immune response gene expression in spleens of diverse chicken lines fed dietary immunomodulators

Effects of Glycyrrhizic Acid on Productive and Immune Parameters of Broilers

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