Broader Autism Phenotype in Siblings of Children with  ASD—A Review

Pisula, Ewa; Ziegart-Sadowska, Karolina

doi:10.3390/ijms160613217

Cited by 83 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 131 publications

(269 reference statements)

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“…Numerous studies have confirmed elevated rates of social, communication, personality, and cognitive characteristics that are associated with ASD in parents, siblings, and other extended family members of people with an ASD diagnosis (for reviews, see Bailey, Palferman, Heavey, & Le Couteur, 1998;Pisula & Ziegart-Sadowska, 2015;Sucksmith, Roth, & Hoekstra, 2011). For example, elevated difficulties in social skills in parents and siblings of children with an ASD are commonly found relative to parents and siblings of children with other developmental conditions, such as Down syndrome, while controlling for the stressor of a high-needs child in the home (Adolphs, Spezio, Parlier, & Piven, 2008;Bolton et al, 1994;Duchaine & Nakayama, 2006;Gillberg, 1989;Losh et al, 2009;Narayan, Moyes, & Wolff, 1990;Wolff et al, 1988).…”

Section: What Is the Broader Autism Phenotype?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Why We Should Study the Broader Autism Phenotype in Typically Developing Populations

Landry

Chouinard

2016

Journal of Cognition and Development

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Section: What Is the Broader Autism Phenotype?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Why We Should Study the Broader Autism Phenotype in Typically Developing Populations

Landry

Chouinard

2016

Journal of Cognition and Development

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“…Pisula and Ziegart-Sadowska (2015) reviewed sibling studies and concluded that evidence was, Binsufficient to formulate final conclusions regarding BAP characteristics in siblings of people with ASD^(p. 13250). Cruz et al (2013) similarly concluded that findings for BAP in parents were so varied that Bfurther studies should be conducted before there is a definition of which traits are undoubtedly part of the group of BAP characteristics^(p. 261).…”

Section: Rates Of Recovery From Asd Are Variedmentioning

confidence: 99%

ASD Validity

Waterhouse

London

Gillberg

2016

Rev J Autism Dev Disord

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ASD research is at an important crossroads. The ASD diagnosis is important for assigning a child to early behavioral intervention and explaining a child's condition. But ASD research has not provided a diagnosis-specific medical treatment, or a consistent early predictor, or a unified life course. If the ASD diagnosis also lacks biological and construct validity, a shift away from studying ASD-defined samples would be warranted. Consequently, this paper reviews recent findings for the neurobiological validity of ASD, the construct validity of ASD diagnostic criteria, and the construct validity of ASD spectrum features. The findings reviewed indicate that the ASD diagnosis lacks biological and construct validity. The paper concludes with proposals for research going forward.Keywords DSM-5 . ASD . Autism . Diagnosis . Validity . Comorbidity . HeterogeneityThe goal of the DSM-3 nosology (American Psychiatric Association 1980) was to create reliable and standard categorical psychiatric diagnoses (Robins and Guze 1970). However, in the past 30 years, clinical, genetics, and neuroscience findings have revealed that the DSM diagnoses are not biologically valid. The National Institutes of Mental Health (NIMH) responded by proposing the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework for a brain-based transdiagnostic psychiatric symptom nosology (Cuthbert and Insel 2013;Insel et al. 2010;Lilienfeld and Treadway 2016). Peterson (2015) and Weinberger et al. (2015) argued that the RDoC could not replace the DSM-5 psychiatric nosology (American Psychiatric Association 2013) or the parallel International Classification of Diseases (ICD) psychiatric nosology (World Health Organization 2012). But BFor the foreseeable future, RDoC is not envisioned as a system of psychiatric classification in its own right. Instead, in the near term, RDoC and DSM-ICD are expected to coexist. Nevertheless, RDoC is intended to provide scaffolding for a large-scale research program that will ultimately yield an alternative to DSM-ICD^ (Lilienfeld and Treadway 2016, p. 445).RDoC advocates accept that DSM-5/ICD psychiatric categories remain necessary in clinical practice, but argue that researchers should shift to RDoC study designs immediately. They assert that studying psychiatric categories lacking biological validity blocks the discovery of brain bases for psychopathology and thus cannot lead to effective medical treatments for specific psychiatric symptoms (Cuthbert and Insel 2013;Insel et al. 2010;Lilienfeld and Treadway 2016;Yee et al. 2015). Against this RDoC imperative for biological validity, Weinberger et al. (2015) countered that current DSM-5 psychiatric behavioral diagnoses were valid when they yielded effective medical treatment, clear prognosis, and a life course specific to a diagnosis.Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) research has been productive (Dawson 2016;de la Torre-Ubieta et al. 2016;Szatmari et al. 2016), but no ASD research findings have met the validity criteria of Weinberger et al. (2015). DSM-5 ASD research has found no s...

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“…The results reported above suggest that studies of HR infants can provide valuable information about early markers of the BAP [Paul et al, ; Pisula & Ziegart‐Sadowska, ]. Further research on the development of HR children could also help us attend early on to potential intervention needs that these children may have.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Language and motor skills in siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder: A meta‐analytic review

et al. 2017

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We reviewed studies reporting linguistic and/or motor skills in siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared to those in siblings of children with typical development. The results showed that as a group, those infants who have siblings with ASD have less advanced linguistic and motor skills. These differences are detectable when infants are 12 months old and seem to be sustained until they are 3 years old. Differences in language skills are larger than those in motor skills.

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Broader Autism Phenotype in Siblings of Children with ASD—A Review

Cited by 83 publications

References 131 publications

Why We Should Study the Broader Autism Phenotype in Typically Developing Populations

Why We Should Study the Broader Autism Phenotype in Typically Developing Populations

ASD Validity

Language and motor skills in siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder: A meta‐analytic review

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