Broadening the Use of the Concealed Information Test in the Field

Matsuda, Izumi; Ogawa, Takahiro; Tsuneoka, Michiko

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00024

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…However, in CIT examinations it is possible to use visual stimulation through slide projectors or other means to present the images (Iacono, 1991). Despite the prevalence of photographic evidence in forensic cases, visual stimulation has not been applied as a standard method of stimulation with the polygraph (Matsuda, Ogawa & Tsuneoka, 2019) and only a few studies have used the application of visual stimulation when using polygraph tests (e.g. Bradley and Ainsworth, 1984;Forman and McCouley, 1986;Gamer et al, 2008).…”

Section: Verbal and Visual Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Verbal vs visual stimulation using the Concealed Information Test

Fumagalli¹,

Synnott²,

Ιωάννου³

2022

bpsadm

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Section: Verbal and Visual Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Verbal vs visual stimulation using the Concealed Information Test

Fumagalli¹,

Synnott²,

Ιωάννου³

2022

bpsadm

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“…Of course, at the same time, we were aware of the possibility of no improvement. Notwithstanding its vast impact, ML is not beneficial in every case it is applied to: Instances of success are often widely publicized and well-known, but, unsurprisingly, instances where ML does not prove useful do not usually garner attention (perhaps with the exception of the notorious failures of economic prediction algorithms; López de Prado, 2018; but see also, e.g., Matsuda et al, 2019). In the academic world specifically, this discrepancy is aggravated by publication bias favoring positive outcomes and related conceptual and statistical issues (which we committedly aim to avoid; Riley, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine Learning Mega-Analysis Applied to the Response Time Concealed Information Test: No Evidence for Advantage of Model-Based Predictors Over Baseline

Lukács

Steyrl

2022

Collabra: Psychology

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The response time Concealed Information Test (RT-CIT) can help to reveal whether a person is concealing the knowledge of a certain information detail. During the RT-CIT, the examinee is repeatedly presented with a probe, the detail in question (e.g., murder weapon), and several irrelevants, other details that are similar to the probe (e.g., other weapons). These items all require the same keypress response, while one further item, the target, requires a different keypress response. Examinees tend to respond to the probe slower than to irrelevants, when they recognize the former as the relevant detail. To classify examinees as having or not having recognized the probe, RT-CIT studies have almost always used the averaged difference between probe and irrelevant RTs as the single predictor variable. In the present study, we tested whether we can improve classification accuracy (recognized the probe: yes or no) by incorporating the average RTs, the accuracy rates, and the SDs of each item type (probe, irrelevant, and target). Using the data from 1,871 individual tests and incorporating various combinations of the additional variables, we built logistic regression, linear discriminant analysis, and extra trees machine learning models (altogether 26), and we compared the classification accuracy of each of the model-based predictors to that of the sole probe-irrelevant RT difference predictor as baseline. None of the models provided significant improvement over the baseline. Nominal gains in classification accuracy ranged between –1.5% and 3.1%. In each of the models, machine learning captured the probe-irrelevant RT difference as the most important contributor to successful predictions, or, when included separately, the probe RT and the irrelevant RT as the first and second most important contributors, respectively.

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“…If the probe P300s are larger than irrelevant P300s, this is used to infer criminal guilt. Many studies have found highly accurate detection of memories with this technique, and variations of the CIT are used in real life criminal investigations (Matsuda et al, 2019) and sold commercially (Farwell, 2012) . However, recent research with young adult participants has exposed vulnerabilities of this method to factors that impede memory detection, such as the use of countermeasures that guilty suspects can use to appear innocent (Bergström et al, 2013;Hu et al, 2015;Meijer et al, 2016;Rosenfeld et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%