Broadband tristable energy harvester: Modeling and experiment verification

Influence of potential well depth on nonlinear tristable energy harvesting

“…Recently, theoretical analysis and experimental validation for frequency bandwidth and performance enhancement using nonlinearity in vibration energy harvesting have received great research interest. Particularly, monostable, 1-5 bistable, [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] and tristable [17][18][19] nonlinear oscillators with different types of potential wells induced by nonlinear stiffness characteristics have been extensively investigated to maximize the output power over the wide range of frequency. Daqaq 15 theoretically investigated the response of a bistable electromagnetic energy harvester subject to white and exponentially correlated Gaussian noise and specifically showed that there exists an optimal potential shape for maximizing the output power under a given noise intensity and bandwidth.…”

“…Their energy harvesting experimental results were in agreement with the conclusions proposed by Harne and Wang 28 that high-energy interwell oscillations for maximizing the device performance under low excitation level is impossible to achieve due to the difficulty of overcoming the potential barrier between two stable equilibria. In order to improve the sensitivity of such oscillations to low excitation level, a tristable configuration was proposed by Zhou et al 18 and Kim et al 17 for improving the broadband performance of energy harvesting from ambient vibrations with low amplitude.…”

“…18. The magnets at the tip of the cantilever can be considered as proof mass to change the resonant frequency, while their interaction with the variable inclination angle magnets produces a magnetic force.…”

Non-Linear Piezoelectric Actuator with a Preloaded Cantilever Beam

“…When the standard used for the selection of the transducer is the output amplitude, these nonlinear transducers are better generators. For example, magnetoelastic structures [23][24][25] and vertical cantilever beams with tip masses [26][27][28] were specifically designed to exhibit a nonlinear response and are used to facilitate piezoelectric energy harvesting. Many of these systems demonstrate the advantages of Duffing oscillators and obtain increased bandwidth [20,21,29].…”

Two degrees of freedom Nonlinear oscillations of an energy harvester

“…Their energy harvester was able to drive wireless sensor nodes at a certain communication distance and operation cycle. Wen-An Jiang et al [8][9][10][11][12] proposed energy harvesting of monostable Duffing oscillator under Gaussian white noise excitation.Zhu et al [13][14] used Terfenol-D/PZT/Ter-fe nol-D laminate to harvest energy from nonlinear vibration created from magnetic levitation.…”