Broadband Solenoidal Haloscope for Terahertz Axion Detection

Abstract

We introduce the Broadband Reflector Experiment for Axion Detection (BREAD) conceptual design and science program. This haloscope plans to search for bosonic dark matter across the ½10 −3 ; 1 eV ([0.24, 240] THz) mass range. BREAD proposes a cylindrical metal barrel to convert dark matter into photons, which a novel parabolic reflector design focuses onto a photosensor. This unique geometry enables enclosure in standard cryostats and high-field solenoids, overcoming limitations of current dish antennas. A pilot 0.7 m 2 barrel experiment planned at Fermilab is projected to surpass existing dark photon coupling constraints by over a decade with one-day runtime. Axion sensitivity requires < 10 −20 W= ffiffiffiffiffiffi Hz p sensor noise equivalent power with a 10 T solenoid and 10 m 2 barrel. We project BREAD sensitivity for various sensor technologies and discuss future prospects.

Propagating Quantum Microwaves: Towards Applications in Communication and Sensing

“…These detectors are also particularly appealing candidates for experiments that rely on photon-counting due to their ability to absorb radiation from a wide band. A plan for a new generation of haloscope experiments employing thermal detectors for axion search in the mass range of 10 −3 -1 eV has been proposed [203].…”

Aspects of Axions and ALPs Phenomenology

“…A comprehensive global analysis of all the stellar bounds and hints showed that the axions couplings preferred by stars are g aγ 2 × 10 −11 GeV −1 and g ae 10 −13 [46]. For axions in the QCD band, this corresponds to axion masses from a few meV to ∼ 100 meV, in a region accessible mostly to axion helioscopes [84,85,86,87], but possibly also to new haloscope concepts such as TOORAD [88,89] or BREAD [90] (see also section 5).…”

“…A similar range of masses could be probed with tunable axion plasma haloscopes [124], which employ the axion coupling to plasmons. Finally, recent proposals such as TOORAD [88,89] and BREAD [90], promise to reach higher masses, all the way into the meV range.…”

The Canfranc Axion Detection Experiment (CADEx): Search for axions at 90 GHz with Kinetic Inductance Detectors

“…Also, future far-infrared (FIR) missions such as the Origins Space Telescope have selected KIDs as their base technology [73]. KIDs have also been proposed for dark matter experiments as indirect detectors via the absorption of athermal phonons [85,86] or, more recently, as direct photon detectors through a broad-band haloscope [50].…”

“…MADMAX [48]) and dish-antenna haloscopes [49] (e.g. BREAD [50]). Recent reviews of experimental axion searches can be found in [51][52][53].…”