Broadband seismic data — The importance of low frequencies

Kroode, Fons ten; Bergler, S.; Corsten, Cees; Maag, J. W. de; Strijbos, F.; Tijhof, Henk

doi:10.1190/geo2012-0294.1

Cited by 140 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The frequency is not an issue since we consider a wide band. The low frequencies in the data are useful for monoparameter full-waveform inversion ten Kroode et al (2013), yet for multiparameter they are necessary to resolve trade-off between parameters. When there is a lack of high frequencies, the effective angle range for inversion for large wavenumbers activates the high wavenumber part of the spectral sensitivity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Waveform inversion for orthorhombic anisotropy with P waves: feasibility and resolution

Kazei

Alkhalifah

2018

Geophysical Journal International

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Summary Various parameterizations have been suggested to simplify inversions of first arrivals, or P −waves, in orthorhombic anisotropic media, but the number and type of retrievable parameters have not been decisively determined. We show that only six parameters can be retrieved from the dynamic linearized inversion of P −waves. These parameters are different from the six parameters needed to describe the kinematics of P −waves. Reflection-based radiation patterns from the P − P scattered waves are remapped into the spectral domain to allow for our resolution analysis based on the effective angle of illumination concept. Singular value decomposition of the spectral sensitivities from various azimuths, offset coverage scenarios, and data bandwidths allows us to quantify the resolution of different parameterizations, taking into account the signal-to-noise ratio in a given experiment. According to our singular value analysis, when the primary goal of inversion is determining the velocity of the P −waves, gradually adding anisotropy of lower orders (isotropic, vertically transversally isotropic, orthorhombic) in hierarchical parameterization is the best choice. Hierarchical parametrization reduces the tradeoff between the parameters and makes gradual introduction of lower anisotropy orders straightforward. When all the anisotropic parameters affecting P −wave propagation need to be retrieved simultaneously, the classic parameterization of orthorhombic medium with elastic stiffness matrix coefficients and density is a better choice for inversion. We provide estimates of the number and set of parameters that can be retrieved from surface seismic data in different acquisition scenarios. To set up an inversion process, the singular values determine the number of parameters that can be inverted and the resolution matrices from the parameterizations can be used to ascertain the set of parameters that can be resolved.

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confidence: 99%

Waveform inversion for orthorhombic anisotropy with P waves: feasibility and resolution

Kazei

Alkhalifah

2018

Geophysical Journal International

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“…However, low frequencies play an important role in seismic exploration, especially for resolution enhancement, better imaging quality, effective inversion processes and direct fluid identification. As we know, the width of the main lobe of the wavelet depends on the relative high-frequency energy and broadening the low-frequency bandwidth can effectively reduce the amplitude of wavelet side lobes (Kroode et al 2013;Liu et al 2013). Considering the influence of low frequencies on seismic imaging and velocity analysis in contrast to high frequencies, less absorption, less scattering and better penetration of low frequencies illustrate their importance in the field of deep imaging technology (Pedersen and Becken 2005;Spjuth et al 2012;Cao and Chen 2014;Zhang et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the influence of low frequencies on seismic imaging and velocity analysis in contrast to high frequencies, less absorption, less scattering and better penetration of low frequencies illustrate their importance in the field of deep imaging technology (Pedersen and Becken 2005;Spjuth et al 2012;Cao and Chen 2014;Zhang et al 2015). Geophysicists still prioritize low-frequency regularizations in waveform, impedance, elastic and AVO inversion (Zong et al 2012;Kroode et al 2013;Li et al 2016a) to improve the stability of the inversion process and the rate of convergence to a precise earth model. Low-frequency shadows under hydrocarbon reservoirs (Chabyshova and Goloshubin 2014;Zhang et al 2014;Yin et al 2015a;Li et al 2016b) and fluid mobility measurements of the saturated reservoir based on low frequencies (Chen et al 2012;Yin et al 2015a) are also two important frequency-dependent seismic attributes to describe reservoir characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So their solutions may become unstable or non-unique. Although there has been enormous development in seismic acquisition technology to achieve the acquisition of broadband seismic signals (Day et al 2013;Kroode et al 2013;Haavik and Landrø 2015), the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of low-and high-frequency components is also controversial topics, specifically for frequencies lower than 2-5 Hz and higher than 100 Hz. However, low frequencies play an important role in seismic exploration, especially for resolution enhancement, better imaging quality, effective inversion processes and direct fluid identification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bayesian seismic multi-scale inversion in complex Laplace mixed domains

Yin

Zong

2017

Pet. Sci.

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Seismic inversion performed in the time or frequency domain cannot always recover the long-wavelength background of subsurface parameters due to the lack of low-frequency seismic records. Since the low-frequency response becomes much richer in the Laplace mixed domains, one novel Bayesian impedance inversion approach in the complex Laplace mixed domains is established in this study to solve the model dependency problem. The derivation of a Laplace mixed-domain formula of the Robinson convolution is the first step in our work. With this formula, the Laplace seismic spectrum, the wavelet spectrum and time-domain reflectivity are joined together. Next, to improve inversion stability, the object inversion function accompanied by the initial constraint of the linear increment model is launched under a Bayesian framework. The likelihood function and prior probability distribution can be combined together by Bayesian formula to calculate the posterior probability distribution of subsurface parameters. By achieving the optimal solution corresponding to maximum posterior probability distribution, the low-frequency background of subsurface parameters can be obtained successfully. Then, with the regularization constraint of estimated low frequency in the Laplace mixed domains, multi-scale Bayesian inversion in the pure frequency domain is exploited to obtain the absolute model parameters. The effectiveness, anti-noise capability and lateral continuity of Laplace mixed-domain inversion are illustrated by synthetic tests. Furthermore, one field case in the east of China is discussed carefully with different input frequency components and different inversion algorithms. This provides adequate proof to illustrate the reliability improvement in low-frequency estimation and resolution enhancement of subsurface parameters, in comparison with conventional Bayesian inversion in the frequency domain.

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“…Increasing the bandwidth of the seismic signal in the low end of the frequency spectrum improves penetration and resolution in reflection seismic data, and it is beneficial in waveform and impedance inversion (ten Kroode et al, 2013). Marine seismic acquisition systems that provide seismic data with broader bandwidth have been developed, and the most important feature of these systems is their ability to eliminate the ghost reflections from the free surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable source depth acquisition for improved marine broadband seismic data

Haavik¹,

Landrø²

2015

GEOPHYSICS

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In marine seismic data acquisition, varying the source depth along a sail line gives diversity in sequential shot gather frequency spectra. Undesired alterations of the frequency spectra are created by the source ghost and by air-gun bubble oscillations. By deliberately varying the source depth along a sail line, it is possible to obtain a seismic data set that will have energy more evenly distributed within the main frequency band of the source output. This is obtained when data acquired with different source depths are stacked in imaging. We formulated a simple inverse problem that seeks to find the optimal distribution of source depths over a sequential series of shots that shape the amplitude spectrum of the final image into a desired shape. We assumed that the data are receiver-side deghosted, that designature could be applied to each shot gather, and that the shot gathers could be redatumed to a common datum prior to imaging.

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Broadband seismic data — The importance of low frequencies

Cited by 140 publications

References 27 publications

Waveform inversion for orthorhombic anisotropy with P waves: feasibility and resolution

Waveform inversion for orthorhombic anisotropy with P waves: feasibility and resolution

Bayesian seismic multi-scale inversion in complex Laplace mixed domains

Variable source depth acquisition for improved marine broadband seismic data

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