Broadband matching of dual-linear polarisation stacked probe-fed microstrip patch antenna

Coupled Transmission Lines as Impedance Transformer

“…n recent years, coupled transmission lines have been suggested as a matching element due to greater flexibility and compactness in comparison to quarter wavelength transmission lines [1][2][3]. It has been demonstrated that matching real and complex loads with coupled lines leads to more compact realizations and could therefore become important at millimeter-wave frequencies for on-chip or Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics (LTCC) matching solutions.…”

“…It has been demonstrated that matching real and complex loads with coupled lines leads to more compact realizations and could therefore become important at millimeter-wave frequencies for on-chip or Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics (LTCC) matching solutions. Another area where coupled line structures are useful is matching of antenna array structures, as successfully demonstrated in [2].…”

Impedance Transformers

“…It has been demonstrated that matching real and complex loads with coupled lines leads to more compact realizations and could therefore become important at millimeter-wave frequencies for on-chip matching solutions. Another area where coupled line structures are useful is matching of antenna array structures, as successfully demonstrated by (Jaworski & Krozer, 2004). As it was shown above, the quarter-wave transformer is simple and easy to use, but it has no flexibility beyond the ability to provide a perfect match at the center frequency for a realvalued load, although a complex load of course can be matched by increasing the overall length of the transformer.…”

Broadband Impedance Transformer Based on Asymmetric Coupled Transmission Lines in Nonhomogeneous Medium

“…2 (1) where Zi,1 is the input impedance of the transformer, which is a function of the load impedance ZL, impedance matrix elements of coupled lines Zij and the arbitrary load ZJ (i andj are the indexes of matrix elements). Using the general impedance matrix representation for coupled lines [5] and boundary conditions at ports 2 and 4 the input impedance is expressed by Zin =Z11 +Z12 a+ +Z14 h1-(Z13 +Z12 a2 +Z14 *b2) (2) Z33 +Z32 a2 +Z34 b2 +ZL where…”