Broadband interferometric dielectric spectroscopy for aqueous solutions

Zhang, Meng; Bao, Xiue; Markovic, Tomislav; Bao, Juncheng; Chehelcheraghi, Mojtaba; Ocket, Ilja; Nauwelaers, Bart

doi:10.1109/imws-amp.2017.8247422

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Significant improvement in the sensitivity of microwave sensors can be achieved with differential (interferometric) methods. In [ 20 ], a broadband coplanar interferometric sensor for testing liquid solution was presented. It could monitor 2-propanol concentration in deionized water as low as 0.01 mol fraction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, we describe a simple microwave microfluidic interferometric sensor of extremely high sensitivity. This type of interferometric sensor is currently popular and well established [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Our solution is somewhat similar to the system described in [ 20 ], which contains a tunable phase shifter and a tunable attenuator in the test channel to obtain deep interference nulls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This type of interferometric sensor is currently popular and well established [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Our solution is somewhat similar to the system described in [ 20 ], which contains a tunable phase shifter and a tunable attenuator in the test channel to obtain deep interference nulls. However, those two elements were moved to the reference channel in our system, and the test channel was equipped with an additional tunable attenuator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, those two elements were moved to the reference channel in our system, and the test channel was equipped with an additional tunable attenuator. Such an approach allowed the system to be better balanced than the system proposed in [ 20 ]. The phase shifter in the reference channel directly compensates for a phase delay introduced by the test channel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

An Ultrahigh Sensitive Microwave Microfluidic System for Fast and Continuous Measurements of Liquid Solution Concentrations

Słobodzian

Szostak

Skowronek

et al. 2021

Sensors

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In this paper, we describe a low-cost microwave microfluidic system of ultrahigh sensitivity for detecting small changes in the concentration of polar solutions (liquid dielectrics) in the 2.4 GHz ISM band. Its principle of operation is based on microwave interferometry, which is implemented using planar microstrip lines and integrated microwave components. The key features of this system include small solution intake (<200 µL per measurement), short time of measurement (ca. 20 ms), ultrahigh sensitivity of concentration changes (up to 55 dB/%), and low error of measurement (below 0.1%). The ultrahigh sensitivity was proven experimentally by measurements of the fat content of milk. In addition, it is a user-friendly system due to an effortless and fast calibration procedure. Moreover, it can be made relatively compact (<20 cm2) and features low power consumption (200 mW). Thus, the proposed system is perfect for industrial applications, especially for highly integrated lab-on-chip devices.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An Ultrahigh Sensitive Microwave Microfluidic System for Fast and Continuous Measurements of Liquid Solution Concentrations

Słobodzian

Szostak

Skowronek

et al. 2021

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In this work, a fully automated miniaturized wide-band interferometric sensor is presented for the detection of liquid chemicals with improved extraction algorithms of permittivity. The automation is realized by applying electrically controlled analog Phase-Shifter (PS) and Attenuator (A) together with programmable liquid pump, which are controlled by MATLAB on a PC, comparing to the mechanically tuned setup in our previous work [16]. The premittivity extraction algorithm is improved by introducing conductor loss to the original theory [15] with two specified calibration liquids and considering the mismatch effects to propose a new algorithm with general calibration procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully Automated Electrically Controlled Tunable Broadband Interferometric Dielectric Spectroscopy for Aqueous Solutions

Zhang

Bao

Barmuta

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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A fully automated electrically controlled tunable interference based microwave sensor is demonstrated with broadband complex permittivity measurements of aqueous-solutions within the frequency range of 12-18 GHz. To construct deep destructive interference over the above-mentioned bandwidth, two Quadrature Hybrids (QH or 90 o coupler) split and combine the signals of Material-Under-Test (MUT) channel and Reference (REF) channel with 180 o phase shift. Together with voltage variable Phase Shifters (PS) and attenuators in both channels, the destructive interference nulls of the desired frequency can be easily tuned have a Q-factor of 2.67 × 10 3 . Coplanar waveguide (CPW) sensor design was used as the microwave sensing structure and closed microfluidic channel was designed and manufactured with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to facilitate the alteration of MUT, REF and calibration liquids. Benefiting from electrically controlled PS and attenuator, the measurement system is fully automated for accurate and fast broadband microwave liquid characterization. Measurement of 2-propanol-water solutions (IPA solutions) with volume concentration of 1% is performed to illustrate automation processes and its high sensitivity. Mathematical model modified from those in literature was applied to extract MUT permittivity, which addresses improvements in accuracy, sensitivity and effective MUT volume compared to state-of-art sensors, with an average relative error (ARE) of 0.824% for the effective volume of 5.18 µl. The complex permittivity of 2-propanol-water solutions with different mole fractions were obtained, then confirmed with current literature data.

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Electrically Controlled Tunable Broadband Interferometric Dielectric Spectroscopy: Groundwork for Single Cell Analysis

Zhang

Ocket

Barmuta

et al. 2019

2019 49th European Microwave Conference (EuMC)

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Broadband interferometric dielectric spectroscopy for aqueous solutions

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

An Ultrahigh Sensitive Microwave Microfluidic System for Fast and Continuous Measurements of Liquid Solution Concentrations

An Ultrahigh Sensitive Microwave Microfluidic System for Fast and Continuous Measurements of Liquid Solution Concentrations

Fully Automated Electrically Controlled Tunable Broadband Interferometric Dielectric Spectroscopy for Aqueous Solutions

Electrically Controlled Tunable Broadband Interferometric Dielectric Spectroscopy: Groundwork for Single Cell Analysis

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