Broadband ground-motion simulations by coupling regional velocity structures with the geophysical information of specific sites

Wang, Xiang-Chao; Wang, Jinting; Zhang, Lei; He, Chun‐Hui

doi:10.1016/j.soildyn.2021.106695

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, with the growth in computational capabilities, the development of codes capable of handling complex topographies, and more high-quality near-surface geologic data available, it is becoming easier to directly model groundmotion amplification due to topography. Some studies that consider surface topography has obtained simulation results that are in good agreement with observed ground motions (Magnoni et al, 2013;Galvez et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 66%

A numerical study of 3D topographic site effects considering wavefield incident direction and geomorphometric parameters

Wang

Tao

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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The topographic site effect plays a vital role in controlling the characteristics of earthquake ground motions. Due to its complexity, the factors affecting topographic amplification have not been fully identified. In this study, 100 ground motion simulations generated by double-couple point sources in the homogeneous linear elastic half-space are performed based on the 3D (three-dimensional) Spectral Element Method, taking the Menyuan area of Qinghai Province, China as a local testbed site. A relationship between incident direction and the strength of topographic amplification has been observed. The horizontal ground motion is affected by the back-azimuth, which is typically chosen to be the direction from seismic station to seismic source measured clockwise from north. Specifically, the east-west PGA (Peak Ground-motion Acceleration) is significantly amplified when back-azimuth is about 90° or 270°, and the north-south PGA is significantly amplified when back-azimuth is around 0° or 180°. The vertical ground motion is affected by the dipping angle, which is the angle from vertical at which an incoming seismic wave arrives. The vertical PGA is strongly amplified when the seismic wave is almost horizontally incident (e.g., dipping angle = 78°). A correlation study between geomorphometric parameters and frequency-dependent topographic amplification indicates that relative elevation and smoothed curvature contain similar information, both of which are closely related to the topographic amplification of horizontal components, but not the vertical component. Our study reveals the influence of source and propagation path on topographic amplification and provides a reference for considering the topographic site effect in real engineering sites.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 66%

A numerical study of 3D topographic site effects considering wavefield incident direction and geomorphometric parameters

Wang

Tao

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…Under such accuracy, the local velocity structures at the sites of interest may be unrealistic. To address this issue, a refinement method for the local velocity structure proposed by (Wang, Wang, Zhang, & He, 2021) is used in this study. Following this method, the local velocity structures at the considered sites are modified according to their geophysical information to improve the simulated ground motions that are significantly different from the observations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Broadband Kinematic Source Inversion Method Considering Realistic Earth Models and Its Application to the 1992 Landers Earthquake

Wang

Zhang

2022

JGR Solid Earth

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Generating broadband ground motions requires fine enough scales in the source model, but small scales may lead to unacceptable computational efforts for source inversion. To resolve this challenge, a novel kinematic source inversion method is proposed in this study to map the detailed rupture process associated with broadband seismic radiation. This method addresses two key issues for imaging the rupture process of earthquakes: proper source models describing the rupture process and accurate Green’s functions. For the first issue, the rupture process of target earthquakes is modeled by a recently proposed multidimension source model, which is composed of several superimposed layers with degressive scales to generate broadband ground motions. Due to the self‐similarity of the parameters of subsource on different layers, the number of variables to be considered in the inversion procedure is comparable to that of the conventional finite‐fault source model. For the second issue, the spectral element method is used to compute the Green’s functions with high‐resolution topography and three‐dimensional (3D) velocity structures. The introduction of accurate 3D velocity structures enables to reproduce the ground motions of target earthquakes in a wide range of frequency. With the multidimension source model and accurate Green’s functions, an evolutionary many‐objective optimization algorithm is used to search for the best rupture‐process parameters. The rupture process of the 1992 Landers earthquake is mapped by the proposed inversion method, and the ground motions from the forward simulation with the inverted rupture process have an impressive agreement with the records in a wide range of frequency.

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“…Finally, the source–media–structure simulation method was developed, which bridged the gap between the physics‐based ground motion simulation and the dynamic analysis of nearfield structures. For details of this approach, please refer to References 36,69–71.…”

Section: Source–media–structure Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Source–media–structure Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments on seismic safety evaluation of concrete dams

Zhang

2022

Earthquake Engineering and Resilience

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The Tsinghua Group of Earthquake Resistance on Dams has conducted seismic analysis and safety evaluation of concrete dams since the early 1980s. This paper reviews the recent developments achieved by the group, including source–media–structure simulation, dynamic experimental tests and mesoscale numerical simulation of concrete, and seismic response analysis and risk evaluation. In the end, the development trends of seismic safety evaluation are summarized, and the earthquake disaster chain of cascade dams is introduced.

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Broadband ground-motion simulations by coupling regional velocity structures with the geophysical information of specific sites

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

A numerical study of 3D topographic site effects considering wavefield incident direction and geomorphometric parameters

A numerical study of 3D topographic site effects considering wavefield incident direction and geomorphometric parameters

A Broadband Kinematic Source Inversion Method Considering Realistic Earth Models and Its Application to the 1992 Landers Earthquake

Recent developments on seismic safety evaluation of concrete dams

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