Broadband calculable dipole reference antenna in the 1 GHz to 3 GHz frequency range

Abstract

This paper presents the design of a broadband calculable dipole reference antenna with a 3 dB hybrid balun in the 1 GHz to 3 GHz frequency range. One dipole with a length resonant at 1.3 GHz was used to cover the 1 GHz to 3 GHz frequency range due to its suitable broadband characteristics. The design procedures are explained, and the design results show that the single broadband calculable dipole reference antenna with a hybrid balun can be characterized by power mismatch-loss component factors.

Calculation of Normalized Site Attenuation for Calculable Dipole Antennas

“…and so on. The details of the CalDA analysis using the power mismatch and dissipative loss concepts are given in other studies [19,20]. The desired AFs of the TX and RX antennas above a ground plane, 𝐴𝐹 (ℎ , ℎ , 𝑑) and 𝐴𝐹 (ℎ , ℎ , 𝑑), can be expressed as follows: where 𝑍 and 𝑍 are the impedance parameters of the TX and RX baluns, respectively, as a two-port network.…”

“…Theoretical NSA values for an ideal OATS, using calculable dipole antennas (CalDAs) with a 3-dB 180° hybrid balun, are considered in the frequency range of 30 MHz to 1 GHz. The CalDAs with a 3-dB hybrid balun were developed for the field strength standard [16][17][18][19][20][21]. To calculate the theoretical NSA values, the CSA of the OATS and AFs of the TX and RX antennas are required.…”

Calculation of Site Attenuation for Calculable Dipole Antennas

“…Since this structure was perfectly symmetrical, the two matched output voltages of the balun had the same amplitude and a phase difference of  radians. The details of calculable dipole antenna analysis using the concept of power mismatch and dissipative loss are given in [4,15,18]. The TX antenna was excited by a signal generator (SG) through a coaxial cable, and the 3-dB hybrid coupler and RX antenna received the signal radiated by the TX antenna through the OATS, as shown in Fig.…”

“…However, the effects of including antenna baluns and cables cannot be considered individually from the loss of the half-space and all other parts because all these effects are incorporated in the concept of SA. Calculable dipole antennas have also been developed and used as standard antennas [13,14,[16][17][18]. For example, Salter and Alexander [13,14] analyzed insertion loss for calculating the SA using a two-port model and the scatter-ing parameters of a calculable standard dipole antenna.…”

A Prototype Model Design of Wide Band Standard Reference Rod-Dipole antenna for 3-Axis EMC Measurement with hybrid Balun for 0.9 to 3.2GHz

“…Ki-Chai Kim et al [11] Proposed broadband calculable dipole reference antenna in the range 1GHz to the 3GHz frequency range.…”