Broad taxon and gene sampling indicate that chaetognaths are protostomes

Matus, David Q.; Copley, Richard R.; Dunn, Casey W.; Hejnol, Andreas; Eccleston, Heather; Halanych, Kenneth M.; Martindale, Mark Q.; Telford, Maximilian J.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2006.07.017

Cited by 128 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Despite some troubled beginnings due to the shortcomings of using only a restricted set of taxa (Philippe et al, 2005a), phylogenomics has provided strong corroborating support for the new animal phylogeny, essentially confirming the monophyly of Protostomia, Ecdysozoa, and Lophotrochozoa (Baurain et al, 2007;Dunn et al, 2008;Lartillot and Philippe, 2008;Philippe et al, 2005b). Phylogenomics has also helped solving some longstanding mysteries such as the position of chaetognaths, which finally appear to belong to Protostomia (Marletaz et al, 2006;Matus et al, 2006) and also proposed unexpected phylogenetic affinities for enigmatic taxa such as Buddenbrockia plumatellae recently unmasked as a cnidarian worm (Jimenez-Guri et al, 2007), or Xenoturbella bocki, representing a fourth deuterostome phylum on its own (Bourlat et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Additional molecular support for the new chordate phylogeny

Delsuc

Tsagkogeorga

Lartillot

et al. 2008

Genesis

216

178

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Summary: Recent phylogenomic analyses have suggested tunicates instead of cephalochordates as the closest living relatives of vertebrates. In direct contradiction with the long accepted view of Euchordates, this new phylogenetic hypothesis for chordate evolution has been the object of some skepticism. We assembled an expanded phylogenomic dataset focused on deuterostomes. Maximum-likelihood using standard models and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses using the CAT site-heterogeneous mixture model of amino-acid replacement both provided unequivocal support for the sister-group relationship between tunicates and vertebrates (Olfactores). Chordates were recovered as monophyletic with cephalochordates as the most basal lineage. These results were robust to both gene sampling and missing data. New analyses of ribosomal rRNA also recovered Olfactores when compositional bias was alleviated. Despite the inclusion of 25 taxa representing all major lineages, the monophyly of deuterostomes remained poorly supported. The implications of these phylogenetic results for interpreting chordate evolution are discussed in light of recent advances from evolutionary developmental biology and genomics. genesis 46:592-604, 2008. V V C 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Additional molecular support for the new chordate phylogeny

Delsuc

Tsagkogeorga

Lartillot

et al. 2008

Genesis

216

178

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“…The sister-group relationship between chaetognaths and the remaining bilaterians has been under debate for decades. Chaetognaths have been related to deuterostomes (Ghirardelli 1981;Brusca and Brusca 2002), ecdysozoans (Littlewood et al, 1998;Zrzavy et al, 1998;Peterson and Eernisse 2001), spiralians (Matus et al, 2006) and as sister taxon to Spiralia + Ecdysozoa (Giribet et al, 2000;Helfenbein and Boore 2004;Marletaz et al, 2006;Nesnidal et al, 2013). However, new molecular and morphological evidence has supported their phylogenetic position as an independent lineage in the protostomes beside ecdysozoans and spiralians (Dunn et al, 2008).…”

Section: Tracing the Origin Of The Nodal Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution, divergence and loss of the Nodal signalling pathway: new data and a synthesis across the Bilateria

Grande¹,

Martín-Durán²,

Kenny³

et al. 2014

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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Since the discovery that the TGF-b signalling molecule Nodal and its downstream effector Pitx have a parallel role in establishing asymmetry between molluscs and deuterostomes the debate over the degree to which this signalling pathway is conserved across the Bilateria as a whole has been ongoing. Further taxon sampling is critical to understand the evolution and divergence of this signalling pathway in animals. Using genome and transcriptome mining we confirmed the presence of nodal and Pitx in a range of additional animal taxa for which their presence has not yet been described. In situ hybridization was used to show the embryonic expression of these genes in brachiopods and planarians. We show that both nodal and Pitx genes are broadly conserved across the Spiralia, and nodal likely appeared in the Bilaterian stem lineage after the divergence of the Acoelomorpha. Furthermore, both nodal and Pitx mRNA appears to be expressed in an asymmetric fashion in the brachiopod Terebratalia transversa. No evidence for the presence of a Lefty ortholog could be found in the non-deuterostome genomic resources examined. Nodal expression is asymmetric in a number of spiralian lineages, indicating a possible ancestral role of the Nodal/ Pitx cascade in the establishment of asymmetries across the Bilateria.

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“…Accordingly, all phylogenomic studies that have used dense taxon sampling did not find any support in favour of Coelomata (e.g. Philippe et al 2005b;Marletaz et al 2006;Matus et al 2006).…”

Section: Introduction (A) the Limits Of Morphologymentioning

confidence: 97%

Improvement of molecular phylogenetic inference and the phylogeny of Bilateria

Lartillot

Piégay

2008

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

166

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Inferring the relationships among Bilateria has been an active and controversial research area since Haeckel. The lack of a sufficient number of phylogenetically reliable characters was the main limitation of traditional phylogenies based on morphology. With the advent of molecular data, this problem has been replaced by another one, statistical inconsistency, which stems from an erroneous interpretation of convergences induced by multiple changes. The analysis of alignments rich in both genes and species, combined with a probabilistic method (maximum likelihood or Bayesian) using sophisticated models of sequence evolution, should alleviate these two major limitations. We applied this approach to a dataset of 94 genes and 79 species using CAT, a previously developed model accounting for site-specific amino acid replacement patterns. The resulting tree is in good agreement with current knowledge: the monophyly of most major groups (e.g. Chordata, Arthropoda, Lophotrochozoa, Ecdysozoa, Protostomia) was recovered with high support. Two results are surprising and are discussed in an evo-devo framework: the sister-group relationship of Platyhelminthes and Annelida to the exclusion of Mollusca, contradicting the Neotrochozoa hypothesis, and, with a lower statistical support, the paraphyly of Deuterostomia. These results, in particular the status of deuterostomes, need further confirmation, both through increased taxonomic sampling, and future improvements of probabilistic models.

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Broad taxon and gene sampling indicate that chaetognaths are protostomes

Cited by 128 publications

References 11 publications

Additional molecular support for the new chordate phylogeny

Additional molecular support for the new chordate phylogeny

Evolution, divergence and loss of the Nodal signalling pathway: new data and a synthesis across the Bilateria

Improvement of molecular phylogenetic inference and the phylogeny of Bilateria

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