Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Epiphytic and Endophytic Fungi from Marine Organisms: Isolation, Bioassay and Taxonomy

Zhang, Yi; Mu, Jun; Feng, Yan; Kang, Yue; Zhang, Jia; Gu, Peng-Juan; Yu, Wenwu; Ma, Lifang; Zhu, Yanhua

doi:10.3390/md7020097

Cited by 110 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…At the first stage, the screening was conducted by disc diffusion method of Kirby Bourer (4,8) This stage contains the preparation of aseptic equipment and materials, the selection of the colony, the preparation of the inoculum suspension, suspension standardized inoculum, cultivation on agar plates, the addition of antimicrobial discs, incubation, inhibition zone measurement and analysis of results. Results from this stage were the size of the inhibition zone that is formed, and will further be explained in the descriptive classification level of sensitivity according to Davis and Stout in Zhang (4).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibacterial activities of endophytic fungi from mangrove plants Rhizophora apiculata L. and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk. on Salmonella typhi

Rossiana

Miranti

Rahmawati

2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have found that the endophytic fungi are one of the main sources of producing new antibiotics [4]. Endophytic fungi isolated from a medicinal plant can produce secondary metabolites with the same number of lots of the host plant or even in a relatively higher amount.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activities of endophytic fungi from mangrove plants Rhizophora apiculata L. and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk. on Salmonella typhi

Rossiana

Miranti

Rahmawati

2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…The eight symbiotic fungal strains, both epiphytes and endophytes, were isolated from the marine flora and fauna samples using the method previously reported [6]. The samples were collected from the intertidal zone of Fujiazhuang beach (121°36′13.82″E, 38°48′36.66″N) in Dalian City, China, in October of 2008 and May of 2009.…”

Section: Bioactive Strains Under Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological and chemical diversity of cytotoxin-producing symbiotic marine fungi in intertidal zone of Dalian

Zhang

Feng

et al. 2012

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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In this study, the biological and chemical diversity of 8 symbiotic marine fungal strains, with strong cytotoxicity against brine shrimp larvae, were investigated by nucleotide sequencing, morphology and cluster analysis of HPTLC fingerprint. These strains were identified by ITS rDNA sequencing, phylogenic analysis, and morphology to be Hypocrea lixii, Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Asp. clavatus and Alternaria sp. Their differences in secondary metabolites were shown by cluster analysis of digitalized colors of HPTLC spots, a newly developed method, which produced a similar dendrogram with that of ITS cluster analysis. Furthermore, this method can fully display intraspecific differences and even the remarkable difference in Aspergillus strains which goes beyond the boundary between genera. Their biological-chemical diversity may be the basis of their potent cytotoxicity and implies their potential in producing diversified antitumor or pesticidal constituents. Symbiotic fungi live on the surface or in the inner tissue of their hosts. Some terrestrial symbiotic fungi have been found to produce toxins or anti-feedants to protect their hosts from predators and grazers [1]. Some of these compounds can be used as antitumor or pesticidal agents. Symbiotic marine fungi have been isolated from seaweeds, sponges, corals, mangroves and sea grasses, also showing taxonomicall diversity and producing numerous active compounds [2]. The intertidal coastline of Dalian possesses diversified natural and artificial habitats and also high biodiversity of marine plants, invertebrates, and microorganisms. In our screening for useful cytotoxins from local symbiotic marine fungi using brine shrimp lethality test, a widely used bifunctional preliminary screening model to discover antitumor drugs and pesticides from the sea [3][4][5], eight strains with potent activities were discovered. Herein, we report the study on the biological and chemical diversity of these bioactive strains by ITS rDNA sequence analysis, morphology, and metabolite fingerprinting using a new cluster method.

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“…24 Endophytic fungi were cultured in PDA for seven days at room temperature. Test bacteria were inoculated in Petri dishes with Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA).…”

Section: Agar Plug Diffusion Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Bark of Cinnamomum mercadoi

Marcellano¹,

Collanto²,

Fuentes³

2017

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Introduction: Cinnamomum mercadoi is a medicinal tree endemic to the Philippines. Cinnamomum species have been extensively studied for their endophytic fungi with pharma cological importance. This study aims to isolate and evaluate the antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi associated with the bark of C. mercadoi. Materials and Methods: Endophytic fungi were isolated from surface sterilized bark samples aseptically. The pure isolates were identified through their morphological characteristics. Agar plug diffusion assay was employed in the primary screening of their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Four active endophytes were fermented and extracted with ethyl acetate (EtOAc). The antibacterial activity of the EtOAc extracts was screened using the disk diffusion assay. The minimum inhibitory activity (MIC) was evaluated using the microdilution method. Results: Twelve (12) endophytes were isolated from the bark of C. mercadoi. All endophytes exhibited antibacterial activity on at least one of the test pathogens. However, only two of the four endophytes subjected to the secondary screening showed wide-spectrum activity and inhibited the growth of all test bacteria. Fusarium sp. 2 was identified to have the most promising activity with MIC values ranging from 2.1 -4.2 mg/mL. Conclusion: C. mercadoi harbors endophytes, particularly Fusarium sp. 2, which possess antibacterial activity and thus a potential source of antibacterial compounds. endophytic fungi, particularly those isolated from medicinal plants for their potential as source of new antibiotics. [8][9][10] Several Cinnamomum species has been studied for their associated endophytes because of their promising antibacterial activity.11-13 Moreover, active compounds have been isolated from endophytic fungi associated with this species. Cinnamomum zeylanicum, collected from Honduras, was the host of a novel endophyte Muscador albus which was reported to contain volatile organic compounds with antimicrobial activities.14 Antimycobacterial compounds were isolated from Annulohypoxylon ilanense, an endophyte of a Cinnamomum species from Taiwan. 15 Cinnamomum mercadoi (Lauraceae) is a tree endemic to the Philippines. It is traditionally used as expectorant and for the treatment of digestion problem and tuberculosis. 16,17 Biological studies of C. mercadoi had shown that its crude extract exhibited analgesic, antimicrobial, antioxidant and antidiarrheal properties. [17][18][19] No previous study on its endophytic fungi has been reported to the best of our knowledge. In this study, we have isolated 12 endophytic fungi and screened them for their antibacterial activity. An Ascomycete isolate, Fusarium sp. 2, is being reported to have a broad spectrum and promising antibacterial activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sample CollectionBark samples were collected from a healthy Cinnamomum mercadoi tree in Barangay Patag, Baybay, Leyte, Philippines (10.74 °N, 124.79°E,31.5 m elevation) i...

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Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Epiphytic and Endophytic Fungi from Marine Organisms: Isolation, Bioassay and Taxonomy

Cited by 110 publications

References 39 publications

Antibacterial activities of endophytic fungi from mangrove plants Rhizophora apiculata L. and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk. on Salmonella typhi

Antibacterial activities of endophytic fungi from mangrove plants Rhizophora apiculata L. and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk. on Salmonella typhi

Biological and chemical diversity of cytotoxin-producing symbiotic marine fungi in intertidal zone of Dalian

Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Bark of Cinnamomum mercadoi

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