Broad Autism Phenotypic Traits and the Relationship to Sexual Orientation and Sexual Behavior

Qualls, Lydia R.; Hartmann, Kathrin; Paulson, James F.

doi:10.1007/s10803-018-3556-3

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(87 reference statements)

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“…Responses are given on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (other sex only/heterosexual only) to 7 (same sex only/gay only). Cronbach’s alpha of 0.96 and significant correlation with self-reported sexual orientation ( r = 0.71) have been reported for the KSOG [31]. Average scores across the present time dimension were calculated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Learning in the Identification of Electroencephalogram Sources Associated with Sexual Orientation

Ziogas,

Mokros,

Kawohl

et al. 2023

Neuropsychobiology

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Introduction: It is unclear if sexual orientation is a biological trait that has neurofunctional footprints. With deep learning, the power to classify biological datasets without an a priori selection of features has increased by magnitudes. The aim of this study was to correctly classify resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) data from males with different sexual orientation using deep learning and to explore techniques to identify the learned distinguishing features. Methods: Three cohorts (homosexual men, heterosexual men, and a mixed sex cohort), one pretrained network on sex classification, and one newly trained network for sexual orientation classification were used to classify sex. Further, Grad-CAM methodology and source localization were used to identify the spatiotemporal patterns that were used for differentiation by the networks. Results: Using a pretrained network for classification of males and females, no differences existed between classification of homosexual and heterosexual males. The newly trained network was able, however, to correctly classify the cohorts with a total accuracy of 83%. The retrograde activation using Grad-CAM technology yielded distinctive functional EEG patterns in the Brodmann area 40 and 1 when combined with Fourier analysis and a source localization. Discussion: This study shows that electrophysiological trait markers of male sexual orientation can be identified using deep learning. These patterns are different from the differentiating signatures of males and females in a resting-state EEG.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Learning in the Identification of Electroencephalogram Sources Associated with Sexual Orientation

Ziogas,

Mokros,

Kawohl

et al. 2023

Neuropsychobiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Responses are given on a 7-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (other sex only/heterosexual only) to 7 (samesex only/gay only). Cronbach's alpha of .96 and a significant correlation with selfreported sexual orientation (r = .71) have been reported for the KSOG (Qualls et al, 2018). Average scores across the present time dimension were calculated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automaticity of Early Sexual Attention: An Event-Related Potential Study

Ziogas

Habermeyer²,

Kawohl

et al. 2021

Sex Abuse

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A promising line of research on forensic assessment of paraphilic sexual interest focuses on behavioral measures of visual attention using sexual stimuli as distractors. The present study combined event-related potentials (ERPs) with behavioral measures to investigate whether detection of a hidden sexual preference can be improved with ERPs. Normal variants of sexual orientation were used for a proof-of-concept investigation. Accordingly, 40 heterosexual and 40 gay men participated in the study. Within each group, half of the participants were instructed to hide their sexual orientation. The results showed that a match between sexual orientation and stimulus delays responses and influences ERP before motor responses. Late ERP components showed higher potential in differentiating hidden sexual preferences than motor responses, thereby showing how ERPs can be used in combination with reaction time measures to potentially facilitate the detection of hidden sexual preferences.

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“…There is a well‐established literature examining the intersection of neurological, gender, and sexual divergence, with most attention devoted to the intersection of autism and gender variance. Dominated by medico‐psychological and neurobiological approaches, much of this work is dedicated to mapping co‐occurrence of traits/behaviors/diagnoses (e.g., Corbett et al., 2023; Qualls et al., 2018; Rudolph et al., 2018; Strang et al., 2014; Warrier et al., 2020) or considering questions of care (e.g., Karti, 2021). These constructions of sex‐gender and neurology/disability emerge in the context of a shared history of pathologizing and medicalizing social deviance.…”

Section: Theoretical Context: Pathologization Intervention and Identitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroqueer frontiers: Neurodiversity, gender, and the (a)social self

Barnett

2024

Sociology Compass

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This paper critically synthesizes leading edge scholarship on neurodiversity, arguing that sociology could expand its account for the relationship between self and society through attention to the (a)social practices of those constructed as neurologically disabled. Autistic scholar‐activism birthed the neurodiversity paradigm, which claims respect for neurological diversity and its social manifestations. Sexual and gender variation are among those. I review research on the confluence of neurological, sexual, and gender variance, pointing to opportunities for documenting the roles of social institutions in constructing and regulating divergent bodyminds, as well as new intersectional identities and social movements. Next, I synthesize nascent literature developing neuroqueer theory. “Neuroqueer” articulates the queer nature of neurodivergence and examines the entwinement of the two. Centering the epistemic authority of bodyminds problematized as lacking self‐control/intent, perspective‐taking, and reliance on the social symbolic, neuroqueer scholars forward (a)social ways of knowing, communicating, communing, and being human. Focusing on neuronormativity, interdependent with better‐recognized normativities (e.g., gender, ethnicity, etc.), neuroqueer theory offers fresh perspective on how dominant concepts and relations render some bodyminds problematic—legitimate objects of exclusion, marginalization, and “rehabilitation.” In doing so, it troubles sociological ideas about agency, sociality, communication, and what it means to be/have a (social) self.

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Broad Autism Phenotypic Traits and the Relationship to Sexual Orientation and Sexual Behavior

Cited by 14 publications

References 43 publications

Deep Learning in the Identification of Electroencephalogram Sources Associated with Sexual Orientation

Deep Learning in the Identification of Electroencephalogram Sources Associated with Sexual Orientation

Automaticity of Early Sexual Attention: An Event-Related Potential Study

Neuroqueer frontiers: Neurodiversity, gender, and the (a)social self

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