British Society for Medical Mycology best practice recommendations for the diagnosis of serious fungal diseases

Schelenz, Silke; Barnes, Rosemary Ann; Barton, Richard; Cleverley, Joanne; Lucas, Sebastian; Kibbler, Christopher C.; Denning, David W.

doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(15)70006-x

Cited by 155 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…Common approaches for the diagnosis of fungal diseases are PCR-based amplification, either pan-fungal or species specific, or antibody-based detection [23]. The detection limit of PCR-based techniques is generally between 5 and 10 genomic copies for a similar amount of tissue [24], but a single genome copy sensitivity can be obtained using electrochemically labeled DNA probes or with immunoassays [25, 26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting eukaryotic microbiota with single-cell sensitivity in human tissue

et al. 2018

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BackgroundFetal growth restriction, pre-eclampsia, and pre-term birth are major adverse pregnancy outcomes. These complications are considerable contributors to fetal/maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. A significant proportion of these cases are thought to be due to dysfunction of the placenta. However, the underlying mechanisms of placental dysfunction are unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether adverse pregnancy outcomes are associated with evidence of placental eukaryotic infection.ResultsWe modified the 18S Illumina Amplicon Protocol of the Earth Microbiome Project and made it capable of detecting just a single spiked-in genome copy of Plasmodium falciparum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or Toxoplasma gondii among more than 70,000 human cells. Using this method, we were unable to detect eukaryotic pathogens in placental biopsies in instances of adverse pregnancy outcome (n = 199) or in healthy controls (n = 99).ConclusionsEukaryotic infection of the placenta is not an underlying cause of the aforementioned pregnancy complications. Possible clinical applications for this non-targeted, yet extremely sensitive, eukaryotic screening method are manifest.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s40168-018-0529-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting eukaryotic microbiota with single-cell sensitivity in human tissue

et al. 2018

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“…Additionally, sample collection, handling, and testing methodology are all critical components, and opportunities for specimen contamination exist during each step of the process. The assay is not useful for detection of Mucorales species or Cryptococcus spp., which produce little or no beta-D-glucan [57]. Very limited data are available on the performance characteristics of this marker in special populations, such as in pediatric patients, and results must therefore be interpreted with additional caution.…”

Section: Fungal Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Fungal Diagnostics and Therapy in Pediatric Cancer Patients in Resource-Limited Settings

Mukkada

Kirby

Apiwattanakul

et al. 2016

Curr Clin Micro Rpt

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Fungal diseases are an important cause of mortality in immunocompromised hosts, and their incidence in pediatric cancer patients in low- to middle-income countries is underestimated. In this review, we present relevant, up-to-date information about the most common opportunistic and endemic fungal diseases among children with cancer, their geographic distribution, and recommended diagnostics and treatment. Efforts to improve the care of children with cancer and fungal disease must address the urgent need for sustainable and cost-effective solutions that improve training, fungal disease testing capability, and the use of available resources. We hope that the collective information presented here will be used to advise healthcare providers, regional and country health leaders, and policymakers of the current challenges in diagnosing and treating fungal infections in children with cancer in low- to middle-income countries.

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“…In addition, Cryptococcus gattii infections cause more frequent neurological complications as compared with infections associated with Cryptococcus neoformans. Infections with Cryptococcus gattii are also more difficult to treat due to its reduced sensitivity to antifungal therapy in comparison with Cryptococcus neoformans; therefore, more aggressive therapeutic strategies are usually required for these infections (6,7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plain and contrast‑enhanced chest computed tomography scan findings of pulmonary cryptococcosis in immunocompetent patients

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Pulmonary cryptococcosis is most commonly reported in immunocompromised patients, whereas immunocompetent hosts are rarely affected and may be asymptomatic, resulting in reduced diagnostic performance of computed tomography (CT) imaging. Thus, the aim of the present study was to review the plain and contrast-enhanced chest CT scan findings of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis in immunocompetent patients, with the aim of improving the diagnosis of this type of pulmonary disease. In the present study, a total of 27 immunocompetent patients of clinically confirmed pulmonary cryptococcosis were analyzed retrospectively. Of the 27 patients, 14 patients underwent plain and contrast-enhanced chest CT scans, while 13 patients only underwent plain chest CT scanning. The clinical and imaging characteristics, including the location, shape, size, number, edge and attenuation or intensity of each lesion, in unenhanced and contrast-enhanced CT scans were reviewed. The results indicated that the most common CT finding was pulmonary nodules (40.74%), with multiple nodules (25.93%) being more common compared with solitary nodules (14.81%). The majority of the nodules were poorly defined and inhomogeneous with observed air-bubble sign. Other findings included consolidation (25.93%), ground-glass opacities (GGO; 22.22%) and a mass (11.11%). The halo, air bronchogram and cavity signs were observed more frequently (22.22, 18.52 and 14.81%, respectively). The pulmonary lesions presented a predominant distribution in the lower lung lobes and peripheral area in 55.55 and 74.07% of the cases, respectively. On the contrast-enhanced CT images, the majority of nodules presented ring enhancement with the mean maximal enhancement value of 20.92±5.67 Hu, and masses demonstrated inhomogeneous enhancement with a mean maximal enhancement value of 35.61±8.32 Hu. In conclusion, familiarity with the CT findings and occupational environment exposure history will assist in earlier and easier diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis in immunocompetent patients.

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British Society for Medical Mycology best practice recommendations for the diagnosis of serious fungal diseases

Cited by 155 publications

References 149 publications

Detecting eukaryotic microbiota with single-cell sensitivity in human tissue

Detecting eukaryotic microbiota with single-cell sensitivity in human tissue

Use of Fungal Diagnostics and Therapy in Pediatric Cancer Patients in Resource-Limited Settings

Plain and contrast‑enhanced chest computed tomography scan findings of pulmonary cryptococcosis in immunocompetent patients

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