Abstract. This paper analyses the pioneering global voyages of HMS
Challenger and SMS Gazelle in the 1870s – a time of rapid scientific advances and
technological innovation. The voyage of Challenger has become well known as marking
the start of the global-scale science of oceanography. The voyage of the
Gazelle is much less well known despite the two voyages ending in the same year,
1876, and having similar geographical and scientific scope. Rather than focussing on the scientific achievements, the paper concentrates
on how the expeditions were planned and executed, the lives and characters
of the personnel involved, and the underlying motivation behind the voyages.
The paper presents the author's translations of key elements of the
Gazelle reports as a means of introducing the Gazelle expedition to an English-speaking
readership.