British Museum Natural Radiocarbon Measurements XIV

Burleigh, Richard; Matthews, Keith; Ambers, Janet

doi:10.1017/s0033822200005142

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…40 AD ± 120 yrs = 80 BC-160 AD; Mahé and Sourdat 1972); and 3) the oldest, at 2035 ± 35 ybp (ca. 85 BC ± 35 yrs = 120-50 BC; Burleigh et al 1982). The calibrated ages for these three specimens, respectively, calculate as: 1) 592-1895 AD [less precise range due to younger age]; 2) 197 BC-390 AD; and 3) 163 BC-52 AD.…”

Section: Cuora Tungia (Yeh 1963b)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Turtles and Tortoises of the World During the Rise and Global Spread of Humanity: First Checklist and Review of Extinct Pleistocene and Holocene Chelonians.

Rhodin¹,

Thomson²,

Georgalis³

et al. 2015

Chelonian Research Monographs

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ABsTrAcT. -We provide a first checklist and review of all recognized taxa of the world's extinct Pleistocene and Holocene (Quaternary) turtles and tortoises that existed during the early rise and global expansion of humanity, and most likely went extinct through a combination of earlier hominin (e.g., Homo erectus, H. neanderthalensis) and later human (H. sapiens) exploitation, as well as being affected by concurrent global or regional climatic and habitat changes. This checklist complements the broader listing of all modern and extant turtles and tortoises by the Turtle Taxonomy Working Group (2014). We provide a comprehensive listing of taxonomy, names, synonymies, and stratigraphic distribution of all chelonian taxa that have gone extinct from approximately the boundary between the Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene, ca. 2.6 million years ago, up through 1500 AD, at the beginning of modern times. We also provide details on modern turtle and tortoise taxa that have gone extinct since 1500 AD. This checklist currently includes 100 fossil turtle and tortoise taxa, including 84 named and apparently distinct species, and 16 additional taxa that appear to represent additional valid species, but are only identified to genus or family. Modern extinct turtles and tortoises include 8 species, 3 subspecies, and 1 unnamed taxon, for 12 taxa. Of the extinct fossil taxa, terrestrial tortoises of the family Testudinidae (including many large-bodied island forms) are the most numerous, with 60 taxa. When the numbers for fossil tortoises are combined with the 61 modern (living and extinct) species of tortoises, of the 121 tortoise species that have existed at some point since the beginning of the Pleistocene, 69 (57.0%) have gone extinct. This likely reflects the high vulnerability of these large and slow terrestrial (often insular) species primarily to human exploitation. The other large-bodied terrestrial turtles, the 000e.2 Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises • Chelonian Research Monographs, No. 5As an addition to the annual checklist of extant modern turtle taxa (Turtle Taxonomy Working Group [TTWG] 2014), we here present an annotated checklist of extinct Pleistocene and Holocene turtle and tortoise species that existed in relatively recent times, prior to 1500 AD, during the history of the rise and global spread of humanity and concurrent global climatic and habitat changes. These species, recorded from archaeological and paleontological sites from the Pleistocene and Holocene epochs (Quaternary period), approximately the last 2.6 million years, are currently considered to be valid, and not synonymous with modern (post-1500 AD) taxa.These fossil species, including some unnamed taxa of indeterminate or undescribed generic or specific allocation, represent the majority of the chelonian diversity that has gone extinct relatively recently. Many of these taxa were likely extirpated by anthropogenic exploitation over the relatively long prehistory of earlier hominin (e.g., Homo erectus, H. neanderthalensi...

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Section: Cuora Tungia (Yeh 1963b)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Turtles and Tortoises of the World During the Rise and Global Spread of Humanity: First Checklist and Review of Extinct Pleistocene and Holocene Chelonians.

Rhodin¹,

Thomson²,

Georgalis³

et al. 2015

Chelonian Research Monographs

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“…5). A total of 178 measurements provides an average δ 13 C value of -20.2±1.2‰ (Alexander 2000;Ambers et al 1991;Barrett et al 2000b;Bronk Ramsey et al 1999;Burleigh et al 1982;Cook 2000;Cressey 2001;Downes 2000;Ewart 2000;Greig et al 2000;Hall , 2000James 1998;Moloney 2000;Neighbour 1999Neighbour , 2001Rees , 2001G. Ritchie 1981;Saville 1999;Saville and Hallén 1994;Turner 1999).…”

Section: Isotope Values Elsewhere and Elsewhen In Scotlandmentioning

confidence: 99%

The wet, the wild and the domesticated: The Mesolithic–Neolithic transition on the west coast of Scotland

Richards

2002

Eur. j. archaeol.

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Models of the Mesolithic–Neolithic transition in Britain in recent years have tended to downplay the role of changes in the subsistence economy, emphasizing a very gradual adoption of new domesticated resources. This view has been particularly pervasive for the west coast of Scotland, which in the context of Britain presents a relatively marginal environment for farming. In this article, we challenge this too-quickly emerging orthodoxy through the presentation and discussion of both new and previously published stable isotope data and AMS dates. The palaeodietary information, while limited, strongly suggests a very rapid and complete change in the subsistence economy coincident with the earliest manifestations of the Neolithic on the west coast of Scotland early in the fourth millennium cal. BC. Whatever explanation is invoked to account for the transition needs to engage with the isotopic data. The possibility of colonization at some level needs to be seriously reconsidered.

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“…Large and small mammal bones have been collected from different parts of Swildons Hole in Somerset, and these have been dated at between 800 and 2000 years old (Burleigh et al, 1982). The sources of the bones have been reconstructed and described (Andrews, 1990), and there is no evidence for bone concentrations occurring by transport within the cave.…”

Section: Cave Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%