Bringing 'smart' into cities to fight pandemics: With the reference to the COVID-19

Tešić, Dajana; Blagojević, Dragana; Lukić, Aco

doi:10.5937/zbdght2001099t

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Mobile phone apps (particularly apps to support contact tracing), mobile phone location tracking through Bluetooth and GPS technologies, drones, temperature-scanning technologies, and wearable devices were among those most commonly discussed. Digital technologies were most frequently used to support contact tracing (ie, to identify individuals with the disease or symptoms and those with whom they have been in contact) [ 10 , 11 , 21 - 173 ]; to inform decision making by public health agencies, states, and individuals [ 21 , 25 , 28 , 31 , 44 , 47 , 49 , 51 - 53 , 56 - 60 , 62 , 63 , 66 , 67 , 77 , 81 - 83 , 88 - 90 , 94 , 97 , 98 , 102 , 104 , 121 , 129 , 157 - 159 , 167 , 170 , 171 , 174 - 204 ]; to monitor compliance with public health measures [ 21 , 23 , 25 , 28 , 30 , 34 - 38 , 41 , 42 , 44 , 45 , 54 - 58 , 60 , 61 , 63 , 71 , 83 , 85 , 86 , 89 , 91 , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, many authors (n=46) expressed concern regarding the lack of guidelines related to the collection and use of individuals’ information within contemporary digital public health surveillance practices. They also emphasized the tensions created by the omnipresence of digital public health surveillance technologies and the urgency of their employment, which prohibited full discussion of the impacts and implications of digital surveillance strategies on public understanding and acceptance of surveillance practices [ 22 , 23 , 26 , 28 , 29 , 33 - 35 , 43 , 47 , 53 - 55 , 58 , 63 , 75 , 83 , 86 , 90 , 92 , 97 , 103 , 109 , 118 , 122 , 123 , 129 , 134 , 142 , 149 , 155 , 160 , 162 , 174 , 188 , 190 , 192 , 196 , 209 , 210 , 221 , 225 , 226 , 229 , 232 , 234 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short- and Long-Term Predicted and Witnessed Consequences of Digital Surveillance During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Scoping Review

Comer,

Donelle,

Hiebert

et al. 2024

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted the deployment of digital technologies for public health surveillance globally. The rapid development and use of these technologies have curtailed opportunities to fully consider their potential impacts (eg, for human rights, civil liberties, privacy, and marginalization of vulnerable groups). Objective We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed and gray literature to identify the types and applications of digital technologies used for surveillance during the COVID-19 pandemic and the predicted and witnessed consequences of digital surveillance. Methods Our methodology was informed by the 5-stage methodological framework to guide scoping reviews: identifying the research question; identifying relevant studies; study selection; charting the data; and collating, summarizing, and reporting the findings. We conducted a search of peer-reviewed and gray literature published between December 1, 2019, and December 31, 2020. We focused on the first year of the pandemic to provide a snapshot of the questions, concerns, findings, and discussions emerging from peer-reviewed and gray literature during this pivotal first year of the pandemic. Our review followed the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) reporting guidelines. Results We reviewed a total of 147 peer-reviewed and 79 gray literature publications. Based on our analysis of these publications, we identified a total of 90 countries and regions where digital technologies were used for public health surveillance during the COVID-19 pandemic. Some of the most frequently used technologies included mobile phone apps, location-tracking technologies, drones, temperature-scanning technologies, and wearable devices. We also found that the literature raised concerns regarding the implications of digital surveillance in relation to data security and privacy, function creep and mission creep, private sector involvement in surveillance, human rights, civil liberties, and impacts on marginalized groups. Finally, we identified recommendations for ethical digital technology design and use, including proportionality, transparency, purpose limitation, protecting privacy and security, and accountability. Conclusions A wide range of digital technologies was used worldwide to support public health surveillance during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of our analysis highlight the importance of considering short- and long-term consequences of digital surveillance not only during the COVID-19 pandemic but also for future public health crises. These findings also demonstrate the ways in which digital surveillance has rendered visible the shifting and blurred boundaries between public health surveillance and other forms of surveillance, particularly given the ubiquitous nature of digital surveillance. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053962

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short- and Long-Term Predicted and Witnessed Consequences of Digital Surveillance During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Scoping Review

Comer,

Donelle,

Hiebert

et al. 2024

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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“…The government of Rwanda is targeting to develop smart cities in all corners of the country with an electricity access rate of 100% and incorporate the highest leveraging Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to sustain economic and social development growth [1]. The smartness in cities is based on the lifestyle and typical living conditions of a large number of people living in proximity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grid-connected photovoltaics prosumers to support smart city development in Rwanda: A case study for Ayabaraya Village

MUKUNDUFİTE

Niyonsaba²,

Bikorimana

et al. 2023

Journal of Energy Systems

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Access to electricity is among the important targets in Rwanda as in other regions. The grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) prosumers market segment can contribute to the rate of access to electricity in Rwanda. Grid connected PV prosumers contribute in not only increasing electricity generation capacity but also producing affordable and reliable electrical energy. Therefore, the current research analyzes the possibilities of interconnection of small-scale prosumers with a national grid. In addition, the bidirectional flow of electricity either from prosumer grid and vice versa, aiming at monitoring the continuous power supply of the load is analyzed. The study is conducted in Ayabaraya village in Rwanda and the load profile for residential, commercial and industrial prosumers are analyzed. In this research, meteorological data from Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS) up to 2016 is used to give global horizontal irradiation and ambient temperature. The amount of energy imported from and exported to the grid is determined by the connected appliances, the capacity of the PV system, and the amount of available irradiance at the time. The Home Energy Management System (HEMS), inverter control strategies, and prosumer load types are considered. The simulation reveals that available irradiance less than 30W/m2 at a time is below the grid-tie inverter's threshold power thus, the prosumer imports electricity from the grid. At irradiance larger than 30W/m2, the prosumer may optimize self-consumption and injects the surplus into grid.

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“…Since its appearance at the end of 2019, the COVID-19 virus pandemic has necessitated certain changes in numerous segments of life [1][2][3]. Whether these changes affect life in rural areas of Serbia is one of the issues addressed in this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability of Serbian Villages in COVID-19 Pandemic Conditions

et al. 2022

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The subject of this paper is to determine how the COVID-19 virus pandemic affected the situation in Serbian villages. The task of the paper is to show the positive and negative consequences that resulted from the pandemic. This would indicate that some of them may represent a new idea, a chance, or would work in favor of the sustainability of the villages of Serbia. In support of objectivity, research was carried out among the population that inhabits the rural areas of Serbia. It examined the extent to which internationally recognized phenomena and consequences of the COVID-19 virus pandemic were present in the study area and considered the nature of their impact on sustainability. The results of the semi-structured questionnaire were processed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Respondents contributed to the conception of possible solutions with their comments. The obtained differences in the answers resulted from different socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents, but also from the fact that the villages of Serbia differ in natural and social characteristics. Respondents’ responses are in favor of economic and sociodemographic sustainability, but they do not think in terms of environmental sustainability. The paper reveals several development opportunities, which complement each other and contribute to different methods for sustainability of rural villages in Serbia.

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Bringing 'smart' into cities to fight pandemics: With the reference to the COVID-19

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Short- and Long-Term Predicted and Witnessed Consequences of Digital Surveillance During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Scoping Review

Short- and Long-Term Predicted and Witnessed Consequences of Digital Surveillance During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Scoping Review

Grid-connected photovoltaics prosumers to support smart city development in Rwanda: A case study for Ayabaraya Village

Sustainability of Serbian Villages in COVID-19 Pandemic Conditions

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