Brillouin Scattering and its Application in Geosciences

Speziale, S.; Marquardt, Hauke; Duffy, Thomas S.

doi:10.2138/rmg.2014.78.14

Cited by 80 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 465 publications

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“…Transparent samples are needed for the measurements of sound velocities by Brillouin scattering technique29, and its application has mostly been limited to single crystals due to the unavailability of highly transparent polycrystalline bulk samples of high-pressure minerals suitable for such measurements, except for very thin samples30. Techniques for ultrasonic measurements in GHz regime have also been developed for sound velocity measurements of tiny samples31 such as synthesized at high pressure and temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressure-induced nano-crystallization of silicate garnets from glass

Irifune¹,

Kawakami²,

Arimoto³

et al. 2016

Nat Commun

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Transparent ceramics are important for scientific and industrial applications because of the superior optical and mechanical properties. It has been suggested that optical transparency and mechanical strength are substantially enhanced if transparent ceramics with nano-crystals are available. However, synthesis of the highly transparent nano-crystalline ceramics has been difficult using conventional sintering techniques at relatively low pressures. Here we show direct conversion from bulk glass starting material in mutianvil high-pressure apparatus leads to pore-free nano-polycrystalline silicate garnet at pressures above ∼10 GPa in a limited temperature range around 1,400 °C. The synthesized nano-polycrystalline garnet is optically as transparent as the single crystal for almost the entire visible light range and harder than the single crystal by ∼30%. The ultrahigh-pressure conversion technique should provide novel functional ceramics having various crystal structures, including those of high-pressure phases, as well as ideal specimens for some mineral physics applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressure-induced nano-crystallization of silicate garnets from glass

Irifune¹,

Kawakami²,

Arimoto³

et al. 2016

Nat Commun

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“…Brillouin frequency shifts were quantified using a six-pass Fabry-Perot interferometer (Lindsay et al 1981) combined with an avalanche photodiode detector. All measurements were conducted using a symmetric forward scattering geometry (Whitfield et al 1976;Speziale et al 2014) with a measured external scattering angle (θ) of 80.8° calibrated using a silica reference glass. Experimentally determined frequency shifts (Δω) were converted to velocities (v) using the equation…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-crystal elasticity of iron-bearing phase E and seismic detection of water in Earth's upper mantle

Satta

Marquardt

Kurnosov

et al. 2019

American Mineralogist

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The elastic properties of Mg2.12(2)Fe0.21(2)Ni0.01Si1.15(1)O6H2.67(8) phase E single crystals with Fe3+/ΣFe = 0.25(3) have been determined by Brillouin spectroscopy at ambient conditions. We find that that the elasticity of iron-bearing phase E is described by the six independent stiffness tensor components (all in units of GPa): C11 = 192.2(6), C12 = 56.4(8), C13 = 43.5(8), C14 = –4.3(3), C33 = 192.1(7), C44 = 46.4(3). The Voigt-Reuss-Hill averages of bulk and shear moduli are 95.9(4) and 59.6(2) GPa, respectively. The aggregate velocities of iron-bearing phase E are νP = 7.60(2) and νS = 4.43(1) km/s, markedly lower than those of major mantle minerals at ambient conditions. Modeling based on our results suggests that the presence of iron-bearing phase E may reduce the sound wave velocities in upper mantle and transition zone rocks, making it a possible target for future seismological investigations aiming to map hydration in subducting slabs.

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“…Brillouin scattering experiments rely on the measurement of frequency shift of light (usually a laser beam) inelastically scattered in the sample (see Speziale et al 2014 for a review on Brillouin spectroscopy and its application to the geosciences). When a beam of light is shone on a transparent crystal, a very small fraction of light is inelastically scattered by thermally excited acoustic phonons in the crystal.…”

Section: Brillouin Scatteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

The elasticity of MgAl2O4-MnAl2O4 spinels by Brillouin scattering and an empirical approach for bulk modulus prediction

Bruschini

Speziale

Andreozzi

et al. 2015

American Mineralogist

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The elastic constants C ij of a set of synthetic single crystals belonging to the join MgAl 2 O 4 -MnAl 2 O 4 (spinel sensu stricto-galaxite) were determined by Brillouin spectroscopy at ambient conditions. The C 11 component tends to remain constant for Mg-rich compositions (X Mn < 0.5) and decreases in Mn-rich compositions, whereas C 12 increases and C 44 decreases almost linearly from MgAl 2 O 4 to MnAl 2 O 4 . The bulk modulus K S is weakly dependent upon Mg-Mn substitution within experimental uncertainties, whereas the shear modulus G decreases with increasing Mn 2+ content. For MnAl 2 O 4 , C 11 = 271.3(1.3) GPa, C 12 = 164.8(1.3) GPa, C 44 = 124.9(5) GPa, K S = 200(1) GPa, and G = 88.7(5) GPa.Based on the "polyhedral approach," we developed a model that describes the crystal bulk moduli of the MgAl 2 O 4 -MnAl 2 O 4 spinels in terms of their cation distribution and the polyhedral bulk moduli of the different cations. We refined a set of values for the effective polyhedral bulk modulus of Mg, Mn 2+ , and Al in tetrahedral (T) and octahedral (M) sites, which span from 153 to 270 GPa ranking as follows: Crystal bulk modulus was perfectly reproduced within 0.1% for all Mn 2+ -bearing samples. We also found a high linear correlation between the effective polyhedral bulk modulus and the ionic potential, IP, of the coordinating cations: K i j (GPa) = 20(2) IP + 108(10) (where i indicates the cation and j the polyhedral site). We tested this simple correlation by calculating the specific effective polyhedral bulk modulus of several cations in T and M coordination and then predicting the crystal bulk modulus for several spinel compositions. The success of our simple correlation in modeling the bulk modulus of spinels outside the MgAl 2 O 4 -MnAl 2 O 4 system is encouraging, and suggests that the relationships between chemical composition, cation distribution and elastic properties in spinel-structured minerals and materials can indeed be expressed by relatively simple models.

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Brillouin Scattering and its Application in Geosciences

Cited by 80 publications

References 465 publications

Pressure-induced nano-crystallization of silicate garnets from glass

Pressure-induced nano-crystallization of silicate garnets from glass

Single-crystal elasticity of iron-bearing phase E and seismic detection of water in Earth's upper mantle

The elasticity of MgAl2O4-MnAl2O4 spinels by Brillouin scattering and an empirical approach for bulk modulus prediction

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