Brilliant blue, green, yellow, and red fluorescent diamond particles: synthesis, characterization, and multiplex imaging demonstrations

Nunn, Nicholas; Prabhakar, Neeraj; Reineck, Philipp; Magidson, Valentin; Kamiya, Erina; Heinz, William F.; Torelli, Marco D.; Rosenholm, Jessica M.; Зайцев, А.М.; Shenderova, Olga

doi:10.1039/c9nr02593f

Cited by 25 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Adámas Nanotechnologies (Raleigh, NC, USA) produced the green FNDs used in the study. The detailed material synthesis, characterization and optical properties are described in Dei Cas et al, 2019 [ 85 ] and Nunn et al, 2019 [ 68 ]. FNDs with green fluorescence emission were produced from synthetic type Ib high-pressure high temperature (HPHT) nanodiamond particles with an initial substitutional nitrogen content of 100 ppm and average particle size of 100 nm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FNDs are well compatible with multimodal imaging techniques such as stimulated emission depletion microscopy (STED) [ 19 , 50 , 62 , 63 ], two-photon microscopy [ 64 , 65 ], photoacoustic microscopy [ 66 , 67 ], and live-cell fluorescence microscopy [ 19 ]. The notable color centers are those emitting in blue, green, yellow, red, and near-infrared spectral regions [ 68 , 69 , 70 ]. For cell imaging, FNDs are biocompatible, non-toxic, and can be internalized efficiently in the cell via endocytosis [ 47 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluorescent and Electron-Dense Green Color Emitting Nanodiamonds for Single-Cell Correlative Microscopy

et al. 2020

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Correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) is revolutionizing how cell samples are studied. CLEM provides a combination of the molecular and ultrastructural information about a cell. For the execution of CLEM experiments, multimodal fiducial landmarks are applied to precisely overlay light and electron microscopy images. Currently applied fiducials such as quantum dots and organic dye-labeled nanoparticles can be irreversibly quenched by electron beam exposure during electron microscopy. Generally, the sample is therefore investigated with a light microscope first and later with an electron microscope. A versatile fiducial landmark should offer to switch back from electron microscopy to light microscopy while preserving its fluorescent properties. Here, we evaluated green fluorescent and electron dense nanodiamonds for the execution of CLEM experiments and precisely correlated light microscopy and electron microscopy images. We demonstrated that green color emitting fluorescent nanodiamonds withstand electron beam exposure, harsh chemical treatments, heavy metal straining, and, importantly, their fluorescent properties remained intact for light microscopy.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent and Electron-Dense Green Color Emitting Nanodiamonds for Single-Cell Correlative Microscopy

et al. 2020

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“…The new effect of RHPHT annealing is to increase the luminescence efficiency in diamonds. It can be useful for some practical applications, for example, generation of scintillators [71] and fluorescent markers [9,[72][73].…”

Section: Photoluminescencementioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid HPHT annealing of synthetic IB-TYPE diamonds

Kazuchits

Rusetskiy

et al. 2021

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The paper provides the information on the effects of rapid (1 minute) high pressure high temperature (RHPHT) annealing of synthetic Ib-type diamond plates at temperatures (1900 °C, 2100 °C, 2300 °C, 2500 °C, 2700 °C) and pressure of 8 GPa. The studies were carried out using the visual analysis, absorption and Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence. During RHPHT annealing the diamond plates in a high-pressure container were rapidly heated/cooled at a very non-uniform temperature and pressure distribution. All this caused the inhomogeneous plastic deformation of diamond plates. The plastic deformation of diamonds during RHPHT annealing was a powerful "generator" of vacancies. The electron transfer from individual atoms of substituting nitrogen to nitrogen-vacancy centers switched these centers to a negatively charged state. Another accompanying RHPHT annealing process was the diffusion of nitrogen atoms with the formation of it's simple aggregates -H3 defects (at 2300°C). At higher RHPHT annealing temperatures more complex aggregates containing three nitrogen atoms -N3 defectswere generated. RHPHT annealing led to the formation of identical nitrogenvacancy defects, as did quasi stationary HPHT annealing, but the number of these defects was significantly greater after RHPHT annealing.

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“…This remarkable ability to controllably manipulate and read out changes in the electronic state of the NV − center make it a powerful probe for applications spanning from quantum information processing, to biology and applied medical physics. While a number of demonstrations using fluorescent diamond purely as a fluorescent label have been shown [4][5][6], diamond stands out against competing materials in sensing applications where the readout of fluorescence modulation is used to obtain information about the environment surrounding the optical center (e.g., biological sensing [7][8][9][10][11]) and can also be utilized for background-free imaging based on the magnetic modulation of the fluorescent signal [12,13]. While bulk (electronic grade single crystalline plates) diamond containing an engineered array of subsurface NV − centers has been demonstrated to advance quantum computing [14][15][16] and nano-NMR [17][18][19][20] applications, the use of diamond particles as nano-and microscale quantum probes holds the most promise for the future of high-tech particulate diamond applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We recently showed that high-temperature annealing can facilitate the controlled formation of a range of color centers in synthetic (HPHT) diamond particles [5,30], allowing for a greater flexibility for the use of synthetic precursors. This is an important step since, unlike natural diamonds, synthetic diamonds afford more control over critical factors such as nitrogen content and distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Temperature Treatment of Diamond Particles Toward Enhancement of Their Quantum Properties

et al. 2020

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Fluorescence of the negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV − ) center of diamond is sensitive to external electromagnetic fields, lattice strain, and temperature due to the unique triplet configuration of its spin states. Their use in particulate diamond allows for the possibility of localized sensing and magnetic-contrast-based differential imaging in complex environments with high fluorescent background. However, current methods of NV − production in diamond particles are accompanied by the formation of a large number of parasitic defects and lattice distortions resulting in deterioration of the NV − performance. Therefore, there are significant efforts to improve the quantum properties of diamond particles to advance the field. Recently it was shown that rapid thermal annealing (RTA) at temperatures much exceeding the standard temperatures used for NV − production can efficiently eliminate parasitic paramagnetic impurities and, as a result, by an order of magnitude improve the degree of hyperpolarization of 13 C via polarization transfer from optically polarized NV − centers in micron-sized particles. Here, we demonstrate that RTA also improves the maximum achievable magnetic modulation of NV − fluorescence in micron-sized diamond by about 4x over conventionally produced diamond particles endowed with NV − . This advancement can continue to bridge the pathway toward developing nano-sized diamond with improved qualities for quantum sensing and imaging.

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Brilliant blue, green, yellow, and red fluorescent diamond particles: synthesis, characterization, and multiplex imaging demonstrations

Abstract: Rapid thermal annealing of electron irradiated nanoscale type Ib diamond particles facilitates formation of various nitrogen-related fluorescent color centers, providing either red, yellow, green, or blue fluorescence for downstream multiplex imaging applications.

Cited by 25 publications

References 38 publications

Fluorescent and Electron-Dense Green Color Emitting Nanodiamonds for Single-Cell Correlative Microscopy

Fluorescent and Electron-Dense Green Color Emitting Nanodiamonds for Single-Cell Correlative Microscopy

Rapid HPHT annealing of synthetic IB-TYPE diamonds

High Temperature Treatment of Diamond Particles Toward Enhancement of Their Quantum Properties

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