Bright thermal atomic beams by laser cooling: A 1400-fold gain in beam flux

Hoogerland, M. D.; Driessen, J. P. J.; Vredenbregt, E.J.D.; Megens, Henry; Schuwer, M P; Beijerinck, H.C.W.; Leeuwen, K. A. H. van

doi:10.1007/bf01081192

Cited by 41 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…For maximum efficiency, the collimation zone, which has a typical length of several to a few tens of cm, has to be implemented as close as possible to the source, typically directly after the skimmer. With collimation, an increase of the atom flux up to a factor of 150 has been reported (Hoogerland et al, 1996a).…”

Section: B Intense and Slow Beams Of Metastable Atomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experiments with metastable atoms are clearly at or near the state-ofthe-art of high flux beam preparation techniques. Beams of metastable noble gas atoms with up to 2 × 10 12 atoms s −1 (Hoogerland et al, 1996a) and intensities on the order of 10 10 atoms s −1 mm −2 (Rooijakkers et al, 1996) have been achieved.…”

Section: B Intense and Slow Beams Of Metastable Atomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cold and trapped metastable noble gases

et al. 2012

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We review experimental work on cold, trapped metastable noble gases. We emphasize the aspects which distinguish work with these atoms from the large body of work on cold, trapped atoms in general. These aspects include detection techniques and collision processes unique to metastable atoms. We describe several experiments exploiting these unique features in fields including atom optics and statistical physics. We also discuss precision measurements on these atoms including fine structure splittings, isotope shifts, and atomic lifetimes.

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Section: B Intense and Slow Beams Of Metastable Atomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Intense and Slow Beams Of Metastable Atomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold and trapped metastable noble gases

et al. 2012

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“…The emergent metastable neon beam has a most probable velocity of 580Ϯ 20 ms −1 , as measured by time-of-flight methods. A set of orthogonal, nearly parallel mirrors, 15 located 50 mm downstream reduces the divergence of the atomic beam to 6.5Ϯ 2.6 mrad via transverse laser cooling by multiple reflections of 640.4 nm laser radiation generated by a Coherent 899 ring dye laser. This wavelength corresponds to the 3 P 2 → 3 D 3 closed optical transition and is the laser cooling transition for Ne ‫ء‬ .…”

Section: Experimental Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

A hexapole magnetic guide for neutral atomic beams

Beardmore

Palmer

Kuiper

et al. 2009

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Sang, R. T. (2009). A hexapole magnetic guide for neutral atomic beams. Review of Scientific Instruments, 80(7), 073105-1/5. DOI: 10.1063/1.3176470 General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. In this paper we present a multiple element magnetic device to guide atoms using a spatially inhomogeneous magnetic field formed by a series of permanent hexapole magnets. The operation of the device is demonstrated using an enhanced beam of neon atoms in the 3 P 2 metastable state. These atoms are guided around a bend of 30°from their original path. A flux of 4.35ϫ 10 9 Ϯ 2 ϫ 10 7 atoms s −1 was measured after the device yielding a transmission efficiency of approximately 9% of the input flux. Simulations of the center of mass motion of the atoms through the magnetic guide have been performed giving reasonable agreement with the experimental results.

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“…The use of laser cooling can increase brightness by orders of magnitude [15], but the brightness increase is much lower in many setups. Atomic species that lack a closed atomic transition from the ground state, e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

Structure formation in atom lithography using geometric collimation

et al. 2011

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Atom lithography uses standing wave light fields as arrays of lenses to focus neutral atom beams into line patterns on a substrate. Laser cooled atom beams are commonly used, but an atom beam source with a small opening placed at a large distance from a substrate creates atom beams which are locally geometrically collimated on the substrate. These beams have local offset angles with respect to the substrate. We show that this affects the height, width, shape, and position of the created structures. We find that simulated effects are partially obscured in experiments by substrate-dependent diffusion of atoms, while scattering and interference just above the substrate limit the quality of the standing wave lens. We find that in atom lithography without laser cooling the atom beam source geometry is imaged onto the substrate by the standing wave lens. We therefore propose using structured atom beam sources to image more complex patterns on subwavelength scales in a massively parallel way.

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Bright thermal atomic beams by laser cooling: A 1400-fold gain in beam flux

Cited by 41 publications

References 10 publications

Cold and trapped metastable noble gases

Cold and trapped metastable noble gases

A hexapole magnetic guide for neutral atomic beams

Structure formation in atom lithography using geometric collimation

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