Bright and stable light-emitting diodes made with perovskite nanocrystals stabilized in metal–organic frameworks

Tsai, Hsinhan; Shrestha, Shreetu; Vilá, Rafael A.; Huang, Wenxiao; Liu, Cunming; Hou, Cheng‐Hung; Huang, Hsin‐Hsiang; Wen, Xiewen; Li, Mingxing; Wiederrecht, Gary P.; Cui, Yi; Cotlet, Mircea; Zhang, Xiaoyi; Ma, Xuedan; Nie, Wanyi

doi:10.1038/s41566-021-00857-0

Cited by 135 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In our prior study, [ 5 ] we found that the perovskite nanocrystals in MOF matrix (PeMOF) exhibit lower defect density, stronger emission yield and large degree of charge localization. These results indicate that the nanocrystals assembled in the MOF matrix are free from halide vacancies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 1 ] However, only few semiconductors can be used for high efficiency blue LEDs. [ 2 ] Perovskite materials [ 3,4 ] and nanocrystals [ 4–6,7–9 ] are recent popular candidates for low‐cost, high performance LEDs [ 5,10,11 ] and high‐energy detector. [ 7,12,13 ] Among the rich perovskite material family, cesium lead halide perovskites have received extensive attention because of their outstanding emission quantum yield [ 4,8,14 ] and high heat tolerance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here we introduce a new nanocrystalline CsPbX 3 thin film fabrication method for stable blue LEDs. By introducing CsX (X = Br or Cl) into the metal‐organic framework (MOF) [ 5,31,32 ] thin film containing Pb metal nodes (Pb‐MOF), 10–20 nm CsPbX 3 nanocrystals can form that are surrounded by the MOF matrix. Revealed by transmission electron microscopy, instead of alloying the Br and Cl ions in a single particle, individual CsPbX 3 nanocrystals are observed inside the MOF matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals Assembled in Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Stable Blue Light Emitting Diodes

et al. 2022

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All inorganic cesium lead trihalide nanocrystals are promising light emitters for bright light emitting diodes (LEDs). Here, CsPb(BrCl)1.5 nanocrystals in metal‐organic frameworks (MOF) thin films are demonstrated to achieve bright and stable blue LEDs. The lead metal nodes in the MOF thin film react with Cs‐halide salts, resulting in 10–20 nm nanocrystals. This is revealed by X‐ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy. Employing the CsPbX3‐MOF thin films as emission layers, bright deep blue and sky‐blue LEDs are demonstrated that emit at 452 and 476 nm respectively. The maximum external quantum efficiencies of these devices are 0.72% for deep blue LEDs and 5.6% for sky blue LEDs. More importantly, the device can maintain 50% of its original electroluminescence (T50) for 2.23 h when driving at 4.2 V. Detailed optical spectroscopy and time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy suggest that the ion migration can be suppressed that maintains the emission brightness and spectra. The study provides a new route for fabricating stable blue light emitting diodes with all‐inorganic perovskite nanocrystals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals Assembled in Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Stable Blue Light Emitting Diodes

et al. 2022

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“…Organometal halide perovskites have demonstrated prompt progress in optoelectronic devices [ 1 ], e.g., solar cells [ 2 , 3 , 4 ], light-emitting diodes [ 5 ] and lasers [ 6 ], thanks to their low-cost preparation method, suitable and tunable bandgap, high absorption coefficient and long charge diffusion length [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Accompanied by the remarkable increase in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) [ 12 ], one main concern of its practical application is the instability of the devices outside the glove box [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controllable Introduction of Surface Defects on CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite

et al. 2022

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One of the unique characteristics of semiconductors is the strong dependence of their properties on crystal defects and doping. However, due to the species diversity and low density, it is very difficult to control the type and concentration of the defects. In perovskite materials, crystal defects are randomly formed during the fast crystallization process, causing large heterogeneity of the samples. Here, in this work, we report a controllable method to introduce surface defects on CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite materials via the interaction with 1,4-benzoquinone (BQ) molecules on the gas and solid interface. After the adsorption of BQ molecules on the perovskite surface, surface defects can be generated by photoinduced chemical reactions. The concentration of the defects can thus be controlled by precisely regulating the laser irradiation time. The concentration of the defects can be characterized by a gradually decreased PL intensity and lifetime and was found to influence the atmospheric response and the subsequent acetone-induced degradation of the materials. These results demonstrate that crystal defects in perovskite materials can be controllably introduced, which provides a possible way to fully understand the correlation between the nature and chemical structure of these defects.

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“…[19] Tsai and coworkers demonstrated that bright LEDs based on perovskites QDs stabilized in MOF thin films exhibited high external quantum efficiency of over 15%. [20] All-inorganic lead-free Cs 3 Cu 2 I 5 perovskite-derivant quantum dots (QDs) have attracted tremendous attention due to their nontoxicity and unique optoelectronic properties. However, the traditional hot-injection method requires high temperatures and multiple ligands to confine the growth of QDs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Formation of Lead‐Free Cs₃Cu₂I₅ Quantum Dots in Metal–Organic‐Frameworks with Deep‐Blue Emission

Zhang

Tang

et al. 2022

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All‐inorganic lead‐free Cs3Cu2I5 perovskite‐derivant quantum dots (QDs) have attracted tremendous attention due to their nontoxicity and unique optoelectronic properties. However, the traditional hot‐injection method requires high temperatures and multiple ligands to confine the growth of QDs. Herein, a strategy is reported to spontaneously synthesize ultrasmall Cs3Cu2I5 QDs within metal–organic‐frameworks (MOFs) MOF‐74 at room temperature (RT) with an average diameter of 4.33 nm. The obtained Cs3Cu2I5 QDs exhibit an evident deep‐blue emission with Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage coordinates of (0.17, 0.07), owing to the strong quantum confinement effect. Due to the protection of MOF‐74, the Cs3Cu2I5 QDs demonstrate superior stability, and the photoluminescence quantum yield retains 89% of the initial value after the storage of 1440 h under the environment with relative humidity exceeding 70%. Besides, triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion emission is observed within the composite of Cs3Cu2I5@MOF‐74, which brings out apparent temperature‐dependent photoluminescence. This study reveals a facile method for fabricating ultrasmall lead‐free perovskite‐derivant QDs at RT without multiple ligands. Besides, the temperature‐dependent photoluminescence of Cs3Cu2I5@MOF‐74 may open up a new way to develop the applications of temperature sensors or other related optoelectronic devices.

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Bright and stable light-emitting diodes made with perovskite nanocrystals stabilized in metal–organic frameworks

Cited by 135 publications

References 49 publications

Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals Assembled in Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Stable Blue Light Emitting Diodes

Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals Assembled in Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Stable Blue Light Emitting Diodes

Controllable Introduction of Surface Defects on CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite

Spontaneous Formation of Lead‐Free Cs₃Cu₂I₅ Quantum Dots in Metal–Organic‐Frameworks with Deep‐Blue Emission

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Bright and stable light-emitting diodes made with perovskite nanocrystals stabilized in metal–organic frameworks

Cited by 135 publications

References 49 publications

Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals Assembled in Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Stable Blue Light Emitting Diodes

Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals Assembled in Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Stable Blue Light Emitting Diodes

Controllable Introduction of Surface Defects on CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite

Spontaneous Formation of Lead‐Free Cs3Cu2I5 Quantum Dots in Metal–Organic‐Frameworks with Deep‐Blue Emission

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Spontaneous Formation of Lead‐Free Cs₃Cu₂I₅ Quantum Dots in Metal–Organic‐Frameworks with Deep‐Blue Emission