Brief review of removal effect of hydrogen-plasma arc melting on refining of pure titanium and titanium alloys

Thermodynamic Considerations of Direct Oxygen Removal from Titanium by Utilizing the Deoxidation Capability of Rare Earth Metals

“…For example, there are many reports on the deoxidation of solid Ti using Ca as a deoxidant. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]20,[24][25][26][27]29,[33][34][35]37] Oxygen removal during melting process using Ca, [31,32] Al, [28] and H 2 [30,36] as deoxidants was also studied. More recently, deoxidation with Mg under a H 2 atmosphere was reported and gained a significant amount of attention in the field.…”

Chemical- and Mechanical-Induced Lubrication Mechanisms during Hot Rolling of Titanium Alloys Using a Mixed Graphene-Incorporating Lubricant

“…It was mentioned above that lubricants containing water may cause hydrogen embrittlement, resulting in deterioration of mechanical and processing properties of materials. However, it is also mentioned in literature [12,34] that proper hydrogen can improve the plasticity of titanium alloys. For example, hot hydrogen treatment technology is used in the forming process.…”

Electrochemical Deoxidation of Titanium in Molten MgCl2-HoCl3

“…In the past, various techniques (e.g., solid-state electrotransport (SSE) and metal/metal oxide equilibrium) for the direct removal of O from Ti have been proposed and studied [8][9][10][11][12][13] . By employing some of these techniques, the O concentration in Ti can be reduced to 500 mass ppm O or less at the laboratory scale.…”