Brief Report: Philadelphia Chromosome in Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

Propp, Simon; Lizzi, Frank A.

doi:10.1182/blood.v36.3.353.353

Cited by 121 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Several cases of missing Y chromosomes in leukemia have been reported (23,24). (26)(27)(28). The 2 patients in the present series (4 and 3 1 years of age) with a Ph' -like chromosome in which trypsin banding was successful, revealed that it was a deletion of the long arm of chromosome #21 (21q-), as opposed to the true Philadelphia (Ph') chromosome which is 22q- (29,30).…”

Section: R Esu Ltsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Cytogenetic studies in acute lymphocytic leukemia: Special emphasis in long‐term survival

Whang‐Peng

Knutsen

Ziegler

et al. 1976

Med. Pediatr. Oncol.

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Cytogenetic studies were performed in 331 patients with ALL diagnosed at the National Institutes of Health between January 1961 and January 1976. Four patients had constitutionally abnormal genotypes, three had Down's syndrome, and one had a D/G translocation. Aneuploidy was observed in the pretreatment bone marrow in 49/115 (42.6%) of this series exhibited several general characteristics: aneuploid cells usually coexist with normal stem cells, hyperdiploidy is predominant and wide ranging aneuploidy clusters around a major cell line. The most common chromosomal group involved in aneuploidy is the G group (p=0.001) and the next most common is the B group (p=0.01). Aneuploidy disappeared after successful achievement of remission, and new clones developed in 12 patients during relapse. Two of the four patients originally thought to have a Ph1 chromosome, on trypsin Giemsa handing were proved to have a 21q- chromosome. A higher incidence of aneuploidy was noted in patients under one year or more than 20 years of age and was also higher in patients with low or elevated WBCs at diagnosis. The appearance of aneuploid cells in the bone marrow at the onset or later in the disease is of no prognostic significance but persistence of these lines and the development of total aneuploidy signals a poor prognosis. Eradication of aneuploid cells is therefore essential for the achievement of a long remission and progress to a permanent cure.

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Section: R Esu Ltsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Cytogenetic studies in acute lymphocytic leukemia: Special emphasis in long‐term survival

Whang‐Peng

Knutsen

Ziegler

et al. 1976

Med. Pediatr. Oncol.

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“…If this is exact, NALM-I would represent the first cell line belonging to the lymphoid series of cells which contains Phl chromosome. Although Ph' chromosome is regarded as being characteristic of CML, it has also been detected in other situations (Sandberg and Hossfield, 1970) including ALL (Propp and Lizzi, 1970;Peterson et al, 1976;Walker and Hardy, 1976) and terminal transferase activity, although always high in non-T/non-B or T cell leukemic lymphoblasts (Hutton and Coleman, 1976;Srivastava and Minowada, 1975), has also been found in large amounts in rare cases of AML (Srivastava et nl., 1976), myeloblast-like cells from rare cases of blastic phase CML (Srivastava et al, 1977), acute undifferentiated leukemia, rare cases of acute myelomonocytic leukemia ) and a single case of chronic phase CML (Saffhill et al, 1976). Also, conversion of CML to ALL (McCaffrey et al, 1975;Sarin et al, 1976;Janossy et al, 1976, and this report), as well as of ALL to CML (Smith and Johnson, 1974) or AML has been reported.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase activity and cell surface antigens of two unique cell lines (nalm‐1 and balm‐2) of human leukemic origin

Srivastava

Minowada

1977

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Two unique cell lines, NALM-1 and BALM-2 derived from lymphoblast-like cells of chronic myelogenous leukemia and rare B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients, respectively, were compared with fresh parent cells from the patients and with a Philadelphia chromosome positive K-562 cell line previously established from a chronic myelogenous leukemia patient in blastic phase. NALM-1 resembled the parent cells in the presence of Philadelphia chromosome, non-T/non-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia specific antigens and lack of T or B cell markers, whereas BALB-2, like the parent cells, had two chromosome markers and bore kappa, delta and mu immunoglobulins. NALM-1 lacked Epstein-Barr virus genome, whereas BALM-2 showed the presence of Epstein-Barr virus genome. K-562 cells lacked all the antigen markers examined. All cells had high DNA polymerase alpha activity and low DNA polymerase gamma activity. NALM-1, like the parent cells and unlike K-562 cells, had high terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase activity of about 200 mu/mg DNA, whereas BALM-2, like its parent cells, had terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase activity of 1-2 mu/mg DNA (1 u = 1 nmole Mn++-dGTP/h on dA12-18 initiator). Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase was characterized by its chromatographic and sedimentation behavior, thermal sensitivity and specific inhibition by streptolydigin and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase antisera. These results indicate that NALM-1 and K-562 may represent different phenotypes of cells in CML blastic crisis. Moreover, NALM-1 and BALM-2 seem to have retained the characteristics of original leukemic cells from which they may have been derived.

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“…Different proportions of Ph chromosome were found in patient with myelodysplasia syndrome (MDS) [44]. About 20% of adult ALL and 2-5% of children have Ph chromosome in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) [45][46][47][48]. The couple of T-ALL cases with positive Ph have been reported [49,50].…”

Section: Issues Of the Presence Of Ph Chromosome Or Bcr-abl Gene In Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milestone Histories and Paradigmatic Genetic Discoveries of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

Wu¹

2020

Rare Diseases

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Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is classified as a hematological malignant rare disease by National Organization for Rare Disease (NORD, USA) based on the estimated incidence of 1-2 cases/100,000 per year internationally. CML occurs in all ages but commonly seen in the 45-55 years group. Males are slightly more affected than females. CML is one of the oldest known diseases with new faces and one of the fastest developing diseases with many extraordinary discoveries in human history of conquering the disease. CML possesses at least Nine First findings in leukemia and cancer research and even in human medical histories: the First named as leukemia in 1845, the First of a live case of CML patient diagnosed in 1846, the First used of arsenic in CML treatment in 1865, the First defined as a myeloproliferative disorder in 1951, the First finding of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph chromosome) in 1960, the First finding of chromosome 9 and 22 translocations in 1973, the First identified as a clonal hematological malignancy derived from the stage of pluripotent bone hematopoietic stem cells in 1977, the First finding of the chromosomal fusion gene-BCR-ABL as an oncogene in 1984, and the First designed target therapy of use of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in 1998. The footprints of the studies on CML established the milestone histories. Remarkable and fascinating genetic discoveries were made of the mysteries of human diseases, the multiway translocation of Ph chromosome, and the latest issues. The association of the combination of chronic myeloid leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia will be reviewed in this chapter with the aim of increasing the understanding of CML further from laboratory bench to clinical bedside.

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Brief Report: Philadelphia Chromosome in Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

Cited by 121 publications

References 18 publications

Cytogenetic studies in acute lymphocytic leukemia: Special emphasis in long‐term survival

Cytogenetic studies in acute lymphocytic leukemia: Special emphasis in long‐term survival

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase activity and cell surface antigens of two unique cell lines (nalm‐1 and balm‐2) of human leukemic origin

Milestone Histories and Paradigmatic Genetic Discoveries of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

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