Brief Report: Chimpanzee Social Responsiveness Scale (CSRS) Detects Individual Variation in Social Responsiveness for Captive Chimpanzees

Faughn, Carley; Marrus, Natasha; Shuman, Jeremy; Ross, Stephen R.; Constantino, John N.; Pruett, John R.; Povinelli, Daniel J.

doi:10.1007/s10803-014-2273-9

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(40 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Consistent with the human [Constantino, 2011] and chimpanzee [Marrus et al, 2011] SRS, across the entire population of rhesus macaques, the mSRS-R displays a continuous distribution. Furthermore, age did not correlate with mSRS-R scores, similar to what is observed in humans [Constantino, Przybeck, Friesen, & Todd, 2000] and chimpanzees [Faughn et al, 2015;Marrus et al, 2011]. The ability of the mSRS-R to detect a continuous range of social responsiveness and show similar relationships to intrinsic factors (e.g., age) as the human condition provides support for the construct validity of this instrument.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…We found that neither age (r = 0.098, N = 233; P = 0.135) nor rank (r = 0.027, N = 233; P = 0.683) significantly correlated with mSRS-R scores. Nevertheless, because recent studies have sometimes found effects of age and/or rank on social responsiveness in nonhuman primates [Faughn et al, 2015;Feczko et al, 2016;Marrus et al, 2011], we included these variables as covariates in the linear regression models that we used to test whether the mSRS-R was predictive of social behavior frequencies. We found that higher mSRS-R scores (indicating greater social impairment) predicted the frequency of time spent alone (Table 3).…”

Section: Evaluating Convergent Construct Validity: the Relationship Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Psychometrically Robust Screening Tool To Rapidly Identify Socially Impaired Monkeys In The General Population

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Naturally low‐social rhesus macaques exhibit social impairments with direct relevance to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To more efficiently identify low‐social individuals in a large colony, we exploited, refined, and psychometrically assessed the macaque Social Responsiveness Scale (mSRS), an instrument previously derived from the human ASD screening tool. We performed quantitative social behavior assessments and mSRS ratings on a total of N = 349 rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) housed in large, outdoor corrals. In one cohort (N = 116), we conducted inter‐rater and test‐retest reliabilities, and in a second cohort (N = 233), we evaluated the convergent construct and predictive validity of the mSRS‐Revised (mSRS‐R). Only 17 of the original 36 items demonstrated inter‐rater and test–retest reliability, resulting in the 17‐item mSRS‐R. The mSRS‐R showed strong validity: mSRS‐R scores robustly predicted monkeys' social behavior frequencies in home corrals. Monkeys that scored 1.5 standard deviations from the mean on nonsocial behavior likewise exhibited significantly more autistic‐like traits, and mSRS‐R scores predicted individuals' social classification (low‐social vs. high‐social) with 96% accuracy (likelihood ratio chi‐square = 25.07; P < 0.0001). These findings indicate that the mSRS‐R is a reliable, valid, and sensitive measure of social functioning, and like the human SRS, can be used as a high‐throughput screening tool to identify socially impaired individuals in the general population. Lay Summary Variation in autistic traits can be measured in humans using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). Here, we revised this scale for rhesus macaques (i.e., the mSRS‐R), and showed that macaques exhibit individual differences in mSRS‐R scores, and at the behavioral extremes, low‐social vs. high‐social monkeys exhibit more autistic‐like traits. These results suggest that the mSRS‐R can be used as a screening tool to rapidly and accurately identify low‐social monkeys in the general population. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1465–1475. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Evaluating Convergent Construct Validity: the Relationship Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Psychometrically Robust Screening Tool To Rapidly Identify Socially Impaired Monkeys In The General Population

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although some animal species live solitary lifestyles with minimal social interactions, others like humans and honey bees live in sophisticated societies marked by regular and extensive social interactions. In addition, individuals within the same species differ in social responsiveness, with well-documented variation among humans (1), primates (2), and other mammals (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep evolutionary conservation of autism-related genes

Shpigler

Saul

Corona

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

E. O. Wilson proposed inSociobiology that similarities between human and animal societies reflect common mechanistic and evolutionary roots. When introduced in 1975, this controversial hypothesis was beyond science's ability to test. We used genomic analyses to determine whether superficial behavioral similarities in humans and the highly social honey bee reflect common molecular mechanisms. Here, we report that gene expression signatures for individual bees unresponsive to various salient social stimuli are significantly enriched for autism spectrum disorder-related genes. These signatures occur in the mushroom bodies, a highlevel integration center of the insect brain. Furthermore, our finding of enrichment was unique to autism spectrum disorders; brain gene expression signatures from other honey bee behaviors do not show this enrichment, nor do datasets from other human behavioral and health conditions. These results demonstrate deep conservation for genes associated with a human social pathology and individual differences in insect social behavior, thus providing an example of how comparative genomics can be used to test sociobiological theory.autism | evolution | honey bee | social behavior | transcriptomics

show abstract

“…Autism is not, as is often assumed, a recent phenomenon as the genes coding for autism have a long ancestry, dating to before the emergence of the hominin line. Autism is thus part of the shared ape genome (Marques-Bonet & Eichler, 2009;Dumas et al, 2012) with autistic traits apparent in chimpanzees (Marrus et al, 2011;Faughn et al, 2015) and autism genes also found in other primates including macaques (Yoshida et al, 2016). These genes play a role in the 'evolvability' or capacity to adapt of the ape and human genome (Gualtieri, 2014).…”

Section: The Presence Of Individuals With Autism In Upper Palaeolithimentioning

confidence: 99%

How Do We Explain ‛Autistic Traits’ in European Upper Palaeolithic Art?

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Traits in Upper Palaeolithic art which are also seen in the work of talented artists with autism, including most obviously an exceptional realism, remain to be explained. However any association between the famously evocative animal depictions created in the European Upper Palaeolithic and what is commonly seen as a 'disorder' has always been contentious. Debate over these similarities has been heated, with explanations ranging from famous works of Upper Palaeolithic art having been created by individuals with autism spectrum conditions, to being influenced by such individuals, to being a product of the use of psychotropic drugs. Here we argue that 'autistic traits' in art, such as extreme realism, have been created by individuals with a cognitive extreme of local processing bias, or detail focus. The significance of local processing bias, which is found both as a feature of autism spectrum conditions and in artists with exceptional talent at realistic depiction who aren't autistic, has implications for our understanding of Upper Palaeolithic society in general, as well as of the roles played by individuals with autism spectrum conditions.

show abstract

Brief Report: Chimpanzee Social Responsiveness Scale (CSRS) Detects Individual Variation in Social Responsiveness for Captive Chimpanzees

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

A Psychometrically Robust Screening Tool To Rapidly Identify Socially Impaired Monkeys In The General Population

A Psychometrically Robust Screening Tool To Rapidly Identify Socially Impaired Monkeys In The General Population

Deep evolutionary conservation of autism-related genes

How Do We Explain ‛Autistic Traits’ in European Upper Palaeolithic Art?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About