Brief Report: Brain Activation to Social Words in a Sedated Child with Autism

Carmody, Dennis P.; Moreno, R Pérez; Mars, Audrey E.; Seshadri, Kapila; Lambert, George H.; Lewis, Michael

doi:10.1007/s10803-006-0270-3

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…However, given that unique response to OON is detectable with neuroimaging techniques in children as young as 4 months old [Grossmann et al, 2010; Imafuku et al, 2014; Parise et al, 2010], and children of a similar age behaviorally respond to their name in multispeaker settings [Newman, 2005], neural responses to OON in a multispeaker setting could theoretically be measured in younger children as well. Several studies to date have successfully measured neural response to OON in quiet settings in preschoolers with ASD [Carmody et al, 2007; Kellerman, Fan, & Gorman, 2005; Thomas et al, 2019] and infants at risk for ASD [Arslan et al, 2020]. However, more research is needed to elucidate how disordered neural responses in quiet and multispeaker noise relate to current or future clinical impairments.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Evidence for Speech Processing Deficits During a Cocktail Party Scenario in Minimally and Low Verbal Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism

et al. 2020

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As demonstrated by the Cocktail Party Effect, a person's attention is grabbed when they hear their name in a multispeaker setting. However, individuals with autism (ASD) are commonly challenged in multispeaker settings and often do not respond to salient speech, including one's own name (OON). It is unknown whether neural responses during this Cocktail Party scenario differ in those with ASD and whether such differences are associated with expressive language or auditory filtering abilities. We measured neural responses to hearing OON in quiet and multispeaker settings using electroencephalography in 20 minimally or low verbal ASD (ASD-MLV), 27 verbally fluent ASD (ASD-V), and 27 neurotypical (TD) participants, ages 13-22. First, we determined whether TD's neural responses to OON relative to other names could be quantified with early frontal mismatch responses (MMRs) and late, slow shift parietal and frontal responses (LPPs/ FNs). Second, we compared the strength of MMRs and LPPs/FNs across the three groups. Third, we tested whether participants with poorer auditory filtering abilities exhibited particularly weak neural responses to OON heard in a multispeaker setting. Our primary finding was that TDs and ASD-Vs, but not ASD-MLVs, had significant MMRs to OON in a multispeaker setting, and strength of LPPs positively correlated with auditory filtering abilities in those with ASD. These findings reveal electrophysiological correlates of auditory filtering disruption within a clinical population that has severe language and communication impairments and offer a novel neuroimaging approach to studying the Cocktail Party effect in neurotypical and clinical populations.

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Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Evidence for Speech Processing Deficits During a Cocktail Party Scenario in Minimally and Low Verbal Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism

et al. 2020

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“…To the best of our knowledge, only two studies have investigated the neural correlates of name processing in ASD. The first study investigated passive listening to one’s own name [28]. Such procedure resulted in the right medial and middle frontal gyri activations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Name recognition in autism: EEG evidence of altered patterns of brain activity and connectivity

et al. 2016

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BackgroundImpaired orienting to social stimuli is one of the core early symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, in contrast to faces, name processing has rarely been studied in individuals with ASD. Here, we investigated brain activity and functional connectivity associated with recognition of names in the high-functioning ASD group and in the control group.MethodsEEG was recorded in 15 young males with ASD and 15 matched one-to-one control individuals. EEG data were analyzed with the event-related potential (ERP), event-related desynchronization and event-related synchronization (ERD/S), as well as coherence and direct transfer function (DTF) methods. Four categories of names were presented visually: one’s own, close-other’s, famous, and unknown.ResultsDifferences between the ASD and control groups were found for ERP, coherence, and DTF. In individuals with ASD, P300 (a positive ERP component) to own-name and to a close-other’s name were similar whereas in control participants, P300 to own-name was enhanced when compared to all other names. Analysis of coherence and DTF revealed disruption of fronto-posterior task-related connectivity in individuals with ASD within the beta range frequencies. Moreover, DTF indicated the directionality of those impaired connections—they were going from parieto-occipital to frontal regions. DTF also showed inter-group differences in short-range connectivity: weaker connections within the frontal region and stronger connections within the occipital region in the ASD group in comparison to the control group.ConclusionsOur findings suggest a lack of the self-preference effect and impaired functioning of the attentional network during recognition of visually presented names in individuals with ASD.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13229-016-0102-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…To the best of our knowledge, there is only one published study on the neural basis of the own name processing in ASD. Carmody et al [38] compared neural correlates of processing of one's own name, numbers, and the word ‘Hello’ in one ASD patient. Own name was associated with activations in the right frontal medial and middle gyri.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Correlates of Own Name and Own Face Detection in Autism Spectrum Disorder

et al. 2014

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition clinically characterized by social interaction and communication difficulties. To date, the majority of research efforts have focused on brain mechanisms underlying the deficits in interpersonal social cognition associated with ASD. Recent empirical and theoretical work has begun to reveal evidence for a reduced or even absent self-preference effect in patients with ASD. One may hypothesize that this is related to the impaired attentional processing of self-referential stimuli. The aim of our study was to test this hypothesis. We investigated the neural correlates of face and name detection in ASD. Four categories of face/name stimuli were used: own, close-other, famous, and unknown. Event-related potentials were recorded from 62 electrodes in 23 subjects with ASD and 23 matched control subjects. P100, N170, and P300 components were analyzed. The control group clearly showed a significant self-preference effect: higher P300 amplitude to the presentation of own face and own name than to the close-other, famous, and unknown categories, indicating preferential attentional engagement in processing of self-related information. In contrast, detection of both own and close-other's face and name in the ASD group was associated with enhanced P300, suggesting similar attention allocation for self and close-other related information. These findings suggest that attention allocation in the ASD group is modulated by the personal significance factor, and that the self-preference effect is absent if self is compared to close-other. These effects are similar for physical and non-physical aspects of the autistic self. In addition, lateralization of face and name processing is attenuated in ASD, suggesting atypical brain organization.

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Brief Report: Brain Activation to Social Words in a Sedated Child with Autism

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Neural Evidence for Speech Processing Deficits During a Cocktail Party Scenario in Minimally and Low Verbal Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism

Neural Evidence for Speech Processing Deficits During a Cocktail Party Scenario in Minimally and Low Verbal Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism

Name recognition in autism: EEG evidence of altered patterns of brain activity and connectivity

Neural Correlates of Own Name and Own Face Detection in Autism Spectrum Disorder

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