Brief History of Encryption

Pandya, Dwiti; Narayan, Khushboo Ram; Thakkar, Sneha; Madhekar, Tanvi; Thakare, Bhushan S.

doi:10.5120/ijca2015907390

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…However, the row round has different rotational constants for the ARX operations and takes six 32-bit inputs. Specifically, the rotational constants used in the row round are (13,16,17,21,5,8).…”

Section: E Echacha20 Row Roundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ancient secret messaging techniques date back to Scytale, which the Spartans leveraged during the Persian War in the Third Century BC, and communication in 1084 BC during the fall of Troy [1]. While secret messaging techniques are seen to be very old, cryptography has itself taken quite several years to be independently invented [2,3,4,5]. For example, early inventions date back to Caesar's ciphers by Gaius Julius Caesar in epistolae (Letters from Caesar, which allowed messages to be transmitted based on the changed orders.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Extended-Chacha20 Stream Cipher With Enhanced Quarter Round Function

Kebande

2023

IEEE Access

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Chacha20 is a widely-used stream cipher known for using permutation functions to enhance resistance against cryptanalysis. Although the existing literature highlights its strengths, it is worth further exploring its susceptibility to potential differential attacks. This paper proposes an Extended Chacha20 (EChacha20) stream cipher, which offers a slight improvement of Chacha20. It incorporates enhanced Quarter Round Functions QR − F with 32-bit input words and Add, Rotate, and XOR (ARX) operations on 16, 12, 8, 7, 4, and 2 constants. Using these improved QR − F s, we expect EChacha20 to be more secure and effective against attacks than Chacha20. The threat model considers attacker assumptions based on Bellare-Rogaway Model (B-RM) and the Chosen Plaintext Attack (CPA) to assess the potential security weaknesses. Then the study analyzes the EChacha20 cipher using the NIST Statistical Test Suite (NSTS) and demonstrates its effectiveness against differential cryptanalysis. A differential attack is considered to address this challenge, where the study comprehensively analyses the differences between original and flipped bits. The NSTS has been used to analyze the outcome for uniformity statistically and to evaluate the randomness of generating sequences of tests with consideration of 1000 tests based on a range of [0, 1]. Uniformity is evaluated based on the p − values test against a battery of passing sequences and 100% is achieved from Runs and Serial(2) : T est 1 respectively.The performance evaluation metrics leveraged include encryption speed, decryption speed, and memory usage. Based on the test conducted, it has been observed that with increased QR − F , EChacha20 maintains a good balance in speed although slightly higher than Chacha20; however, with also slightly high memory usage compared to Chacha20. Despite that, a comparative study has been conducted against state-of-the-art studies, and the outcome has been reported to show the significance of the current study. Ultimately, the outcome indicates that the EChacha20 cipher has improved QR − F and security properties compared to Chacha20 and may provide a more robust encryption solution for various applications.

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Section: E Echacha20 Row Roundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Extended-Chacha20 Stream Cipher With Enhanced Quarter Round Function

Kebande

2023

IEEE Access

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“…Information encryption technology, as a computational method used to keep data confidential, was first used in the country's protection of political and military secret-related data [1]. Demand drives the development of technology, information encryption technology in the rapid development of computer technology has also been greatly developed today, the vast majority of today's information encryption is carried out for computer data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantum image encryption method for dual chaotic systems based on quantum logistic mapping

Dong,

Yin,

et al. 2023

Phys. Scr.

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On the basis of using quantum NEQR (novel enhanced quantum representation of digital image) to display images, a dual chaos system based on quantum logistic mapping is proposed to encrypt quantum images to ensure the security of quantum image transmission. The encryption algorithm is based on quantum logistic mapping and Chen chaos system to generate chaotic sequences, and uses quantum rotation gate operations to rotate and transform each pixel of the quantum image to achieve the effect of image encryption. Traditional quantum image encryption usually uses classical randomly generated sequences to construct the encryption angle of the quantum rotating door. This method combines the randomness of measured quantum with the chaotic system to obtain a truly random sequence. Using this random sequence can better Keep images confidential. Experimental results show that this method has high security and sensitivity to keys. In the sensitivity analysis of the results of the simulation experiment, its NPCR (Number of Pixels Change Rate) values floated around 99.60%. In the field of image encryption, the reliability of image encryption is greatly enhanced.

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A Novel Enhancement of Vigenere Cipher Using Message Digest

Mishra

Mantri

2022

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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Brief History of Encryption

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Extended-Chacha20 Stream Cipher With Enhanced Quarter Round Function

Extended-Chacha20 Stream Cipher With Enhanced Quarter Round Function

A quantum image encryption method for dual chaotic systems based on quantum logistic mapping

A Novel Enhancement of Vigenere Cipher Using Message Digest

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