Bridgman bulk growth and scintillation measurements of SrI2:Eu2+

Hawrami, R.; Głodo, J.; Shah, K.S.; Cherepy, Nerine J.; Payne, Stephen A.; Bürger, A.; Boatner, L. A.

doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2013.04.035

Cited by 48 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…For the 137 Cs spectrum of the small crystal, the iodine escape peak can clearly be distinguished from the 662 keV peak. The excellent energy resolution obtained in the small crystal is comparable with that of SrI 2 :Eu [2].…”

Section: Optical and Scintillation Performance Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Advancement of the available technology has relied on either improvements to existing materials or the discovery of new scintillation materials which can attain improved spectroscopic performance over the previous generation of devices. Recently, a new generation of binary metal halide scintillators including LaBr 3 :Ce [1] and SrI 2 :Eu [2] have been developed which offer energy resolution of 3% FHWM or better at 662 keV, thus introducing alternative materials for fabrication of radiation detectors with enhanced capability. While technologically superior, these new scintillators remain costly to produce and thus their widespread use has been limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crystal growth and characterization of europium doped KCaI3, a high light yield scintillator

et al. 2015

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Section: Optical and Scintillation Performance Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal growth and characterization of europium doped KCaI3, a high light yield scintillator

et al. 2015

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“…Adapting growth processes developed at the laboratory scale to an industrial scale is a fundamental challenge to development of new metal halide scintillator materials. Over the last decade, a few binary metal halide materials with energy resolution of $ 3% (FWHM) at 662 keV have been commercialized such as SrI 2 :Eu, LaBr 3 :Ce and CeBr 3 , [2,3]. However, the cost of these new generation of materials remains prohibitively high due to the low yield of high quality crystals that is in part due to growth processes which remain difficult to scale up to larger diameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal growth and spectroscopic performance of large crystalline boules of CsCaI3:Eu scintillator

Lindsey

McAlexander

Stand

et al. 2015

Journal of Crystal Growth

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a b s t r a c tThe crystal growth of CsCaI 3 :Eu with improved quality over prior efforts for use in X-ray and gamma-ray detection applications is reported. Boules were grown using the vertical Bridgman technique in quartz ampoules at 15, 22, and 35 mm diameters. CsCaI 3 :Eu crystals show evidence of a heavily twinned microstructure likely caused by a solid-solid phase transformation of the crystal during the cooling process. Energy resolution (FWHM) in large and small samples taken from crystalline boules varies between 13% and 4.5% for 662 keV gamma rays indicating volumetric non-uniformity. Scintillation decay time is shown to increase with volume. Proportionality of the light yield of CsCaI 3 :Eu is reported for the first time.

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“…The melt began to solidify at the capillary tip, which acted as a seed to get single crystalline and its diameter was 2mm. A solidification rate of 0.4 mm/h and a cooling rate of 7 ℃/h [8,9].GdI 3 :Ce single crystal with a diameter of 15 mm and a length of 40 mm was successfully grown and the crystal ingot were cut into several parts and shown in Fig.1. The grown ingots are yellow, transparent and include some little black particles in the top region.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal growth and scintillation properties of undoped and Ce3+-doped GdI3 crystals

Wang

et al. 2017

Optical Materials

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The growth and scintillation properties of undoped and Ce 3+-doped GdI 3 crystals were reported in this paper. These GdI 3 :χ%Ce(χ=0, 1, 2) crystals were grown by the vertical Bridgman growth technique in evacuated quartz crucibles. X-ray excited optical luminescence spectra of GdI 3 :Ce exhibit a broad emission band (450nm-650nm) peaking at 520nm corresponding to 5d 1 →4f 1 transition of Ce 3+ while the undoped GdI 3 crystal consists of a broad band (400nm-600nm) and several sharp lines peaking at 462nm, 482nm, 492nm, 549nm, 579nm owing to the impurities ions and defects. The excitation spectra of Ce 3+ doped GdI 3 consist of two broad bands between 300nm and 500nm corresponding to 4f 1 →5d 1 absorption of Ce 3+. The other absorption peaking at 262nm in the spectrum of GdI 3 :2%Ce is assigned to band-to-band exciton transition. The excitation spectrum of undoped GdI 3 contains a flat absorption band from 330 to 370nm and a broad band between 390 and 450nm peaking at 414nm corresponding to the absorption of the unintentionally doped Ce 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ impurities and other defects. The emission spectrum of undoped GdI 3 under 332nm excitation has the identical line peaks with the spectrum measured under X-ray excitation. The emission spectra of GdI 3 :2%Ce and GdI 3 :1%Ce show a broad band in the range of 450 to 750nm with the maximum at 550nm corresponding to 5d 1 →4f 1 transitions of Ce 3+ ion. The GdI 3 , GdI 3 :1%Ce and GdI 3 :2%Ce show fast principle decay time constant 73ns, 69ns and 58ns respectively, besides, the undoped also shows a slow decay constant 325ns which doesn't appear in Ce 3+-doped GdI 3 crystal. The energy resolutions of GdI 3 :χ%Ce(χ=1, 2) measured at 662 KeV are about 3% to 5% and the undoped GdI 3 is 13.3%.

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Bridgman bulk growth and scintillation measurements of SrI2:Eu2+

Cited by 48 publications

References 8 publications

Crystal growth and characterization of europium doped KCaI3, a high light yield scintillator

Crystal growth and characterization of europium doped KCaI3, a high light yield scintillator

Crystal growth and spectroscopic performance of large crystalline boules of CsCaI3:Eu scintillator

Crystal growth and scintillation properties of undoped and Ce3+-doped GdI3 crystals

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