Bridging the gap between testing and clinics exploring alternative pre-clinical models in melanoma research

Viegas, Juliana; Sarmento, Bruno

doi:10.1016/j.addr.2024.115295

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…However, spheroid and organoid skin models have the drawback of not producing the complex arrangement of skin structures ( Sharma et al, 2023 ). Due to the complex organization of the skin and various complexities associated with the different types of skin cancer, 3D bioprinting with layers offers an attractive alternative to 3D cultures as illustrated in Figure 2 ( Fernandes et al, 2022 ; Shukla et al, 2022 ; Viegas and Sarmento, 2024 ).…”

Section: Skin Cancer Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These properties are dependent on age, and representing the age at which a certain skin cancer is predominant is therefore important ( Ansaf et al, 2023 ). 3D Bioprinted skin models have the potential to be used in skin regeneration and wound healing, but also to provide pre-clinical models for drug development or disease modeling ( Pontigga et al, 2022 ; Ansaf et al, 2023 ; Viegas and Sarmento, 2024 ). There are various studies on 3D bioprinted skin models as reviewed by Ansaf et al, 2023 , but there are relatively fewer studies on 3D bioprinted skin cancer models.…”

Section: The Importance Of Viscosity On the Spreading And Migration O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of viscosity of hydrogels on the spreading and migration of cells in 3D bioprinted skin cancer models

Du Plessis,

Gouws,

Nieto

2024

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Various in vitro three-dimensional (3D) tissue culture models of human and diseased skin exist. Nevertheless, there is still room for the development and improvement of 3D bioprinted skin cancer models. The need for reproducible bioprinting methods, cell samples, biomaterial inks, and bioinks is becoming increasingly important. The influence of the viscosity of hydrogels on the spreading and migration of most types of cancer cells is well studied. There are however limited studies on the influence of viscosity on the spreading and migration of cells in 3D bioprinted skin cancer models. In this review, we will outline the importance of studying the various types of skin cancers by using 3D cell culture models. We will provide an overview of the advantages and disadvantages of the various 3D bioprinting technologies. We will emphasize how the viscosity of hydrogels relates to the spreading and migration of cancer cells. Lastly, we will give an overview of the specific studies on cell migration and spreading in 3D bioprinted skin cancer models.

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Section: Skin Cancer Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Importance Of Viscosity On the Spreading And Migration O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of viscosity of hydrogels on the spreading and migration of cells in 3D bioprinted skin cancer models

Du Plessis,

Gouws,

Nieto

2024

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Pneumatic extrusion bioprinting-based high throughput fabrication of a melanoma 3D cell culture model for anti-cancer drug screening

de Villiers,

Kotzé,

du Plessis

2024

Biomed. Mater.

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The high incidence of malignant melanoma highlights the need for in vitro models that accurately represent the tumour microenvironment, enabling developments in melanoma therapy and drug screening. Despite several advancements in 3D cell culture models, appropriate melanoma models for evaluating drug efficacy are still in high demand. The 3D pneumatic extrusion-based bioprinting technology offers numerous benefits, including the ability to achieve high-throughput capabilities. However, there is a lack of research that combines pneumatic extrusion-based bioprinting with analytical assays to enable efficient drug screening in 3D melanoma models. To address this gap, this study developed a simple and highly reproducible approach to fabricate a 3D A375 melanoma cell culture model using the pneumatic extrusion-based bioprinting technology. To optimise this method, the bioprinting parameters for producing 3D cell cultures in a 96-well plate were adjusted to improve reproducibility while maintaining the desired droplet size and a cell viability of 92.13± 6.02%. The cross-linking method was optimised by evaluating cell viability and proliferation of the 3D bioprinted cells in three different concentrations of calcium chloride. The lower concentration of 50 mM resulted in higher cell viability and increased cell proliferation after 9 days of incubation. The A375 cells exhibited a steadier proliferation rate in the 3D bioprinted cell cultures, and tended to aggregate into spheroids, whereas the 2D cell cultures generally formed monolayered cell sheets. In addition, we evaluated the drug responses of four different anti-cancer drugs on the A375 cells in both the 2D and 3D cell cultures. The 3D cell cultures exhibited higher levels of drug resistance in all four tested anti-cancer drugs. This method presents a simple and cost-effective method of producing and analysing 3D cell culture models that do not add additional complexity to current assays and shows considerable potential for advancing 3D cell culture models' drug efficacy evaluations.

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Harnessing the evolving CRISPR/Cas9 for precision oncology

Li,

Kang

et al. 2024

J Transl Med

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The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 system, a groundbreaking innovation in genetic engineering, has revolutionized our approach to surmounting complex diseases, culminating in CASGEVY ™ approved for sickle cell anemia. Derived from a microbial immune defense mechanism, CRISPR/Cas9, characterized as precision, maneuverability and universality in gene editing, has been harnessed as a versatile tool for precisely manipulating DNA in mammals. In the process of applying it to practice, the consecutive exploitation of novel orthologs and variants never ceases. It's conducive to understanding the essentialities of diseases, particularly cancer, which is crucial for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. CRISPR/Cas9 is used not only to investigate tumorous genes functioning but also to model disparate cancers, providing valuable insights into tumor biology, resistance, and immune evasion. Upon cancer therapy, CRISPR/Cas9 is instrumental in developing individual and precise cancer therapies that can selectively activate or deactivate genes within tumor cells, aiming to cripple tumor growth and invasion and sensitize cancer cells to treatments. Furthermore, it facilitates the development of innovative treatments, enhancing the targeting efficiency of reprogrammed immune cells, exemplified by advancements in CAR-T regimen. Beyond therapy, it is a potent tool for screening susceptible genes, offering the possibility of intervening before the tumor initiative or progresses. However, despite its vast potential, the application of CRISPR/Cas9 in cancer research and therapy is accompanied by significant efficacy, efficiency, technical, and safety considerations. Escalating technology innovations are warranted to address these issues. The CRISPR/Cas9 system is revolutionizing cancer research and treatment, opening up new avenues for advancements in our understanding and management of cancers. The integration of this evolving technology into clinical practice promises a new era of precision oncology, with targeted, personalized, and potentially curative therapies for cancer patients.

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Bridging the gap between testing and clinics exploring alternative pre-clinical models in melanoma research

Cited by 4 publications

References 80 publications

The influence of viscosity of hydrogels on the spreading and migration of cells in 3D bioprinted skin cancer models

The influence of viscosity of hydrogels on the spreading and migration of cells in 3D bioprinted skin cancer models

Pneumatic extrusion bioprinting-based high throughput fabrication of a melanoma 3D cell culture model for anti-cancer drug screening

Harnessing the evolving CRISPR/Cas9 for precision oncology

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