BRICS Countries in International Climate Policy

Kovalev, Y. Y.; Юрьевич, Ковалев Юрий; Поршнева, О. С.; Сергеевна, Поршнева Ольга

doi:10.22363/2313-0660-2021-21-1-64-78

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…Ковалев и О.С. Поршнева (2021) [Kovalev, Porshneva, 2021] рассматривают национальные климатические стратегии и решения БРИКС в том числе в качестве стимулирующего фактора для модернизации экономики России. М.О.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

BRICS Countriesʼ Progress in Achieving the Climate and Environmental Goals of Agenda 2030

Sakharov

2024

IORJ

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The BRICS countries have repeatedly expressed their commitment to the goals of multilateral climate and environmental agreements such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Paris Agreement, and the United Nations (UN) Agenda for Sustainable Development. Large developing economies play an important role in global climate efforts, and their potential contribution to these efforts will only increase as their share of the global economy, resource consumption patterns, and greenhouse gas emissions increase. The article examines the BRICS agenda and the national policies of the five pre-expansion countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) in the environmental-climate sphere. The article analyzes both institutional (collective) and national contributions of each of the five countries in comparison with the dynamics of environmental and climate indicators, which allows the identification of both the points of greatest progress and the areas that need additional efforts, including through the expansion of BRICS cooperation

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Section: Introductionunclassified

BRICS Countriesʼ Progress in Achieving the Climate and Environmental Goals of Agenda 2030

Sakharov

2024

IORJ

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Climate Security in States’Strategic Planning: the Case of Russia and Norway

Shuranova,

Chistikov

2023

AFIJ

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Climate change is one of the most pressing issues on the world political agenda, with the largest economies setting carbon neutrality targets for 2050–2070. States’ positions in the world climate politics are largely determined by their ‘environmental power’, which has ‘positive’ and ‘negative’ aspects reflected in either promoting or intentionally decelerating the pace of climate change mitigation policies worldwide. In the literature, a widely acknowledged opinion can be found that the states which traditionally specialize in fossil fuels exports, having ‘negative environmental power’, are prone to adopt less ambitious climate policies than the energy-importing ones. This can be disproven by a number of empirical cases, one of which is that of Russia and Norway. We hypothesize that the key factor which influences the states’ climate policy ambition is the level of climate change securitization and the place which climate change occupies within the hierarchy of threats of the national security system. Having conducted quantitative content analysis of 726 strategic, doctrinal and conceptual documents and plans on the subject of security-related words, we have found that Russian and Norwegian hierarchies of threats coincide in all aspects but climate which is more securitized than foreign policy in Norway. Moreover, almost all analyzed spheres except for the military, law, state governance and foreign policy are more highly securitized in Norway. We further constructed a graph representing the dynamics of climate change securitization in climate-related documents which indicates that securitization fell during major political and economic events and crises and rose in the times of significant developments on the world climate agenda. We conclude that the subjective assessment of climate-related challenges and threats is one of the key factors that determine states’ climate policy ambition. However, this assessment is directly affected by objective factors which define the place climate change will occupy within the hierarchy of threats of the national security system. In the case of Russia and Norway, the principal of such factors is the respective states’ position within the structure of international relations.

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Climate Policy in China: the Procedural Component

Ворончихина¹

2023

jour

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The article discusses the activities carried out by the Chinese authorities and aimed at combating climate change on the planet. There are 3 areas: climate change mitigation, climate change adaptation and international cooperation.Aim. To consider the procedural component of China’s climate policy.Methods. The following methods were used: systems approach, secondary analysis of data on the research topic, generalization, synthesis, methods of comparison and chronology.Results. The work describes important events in the history of the decision-making by the Chinese leadership on the implementation of climate policy in chronological order. The activities in the field of climate carried out by Beijing in 3 areas were considered. There are mitigation, adaptation and international. In the field of climate change mitigation, all measures are reduced to increasing the share of renewable energy in total energy generation, switching from coal to natural gas, building new nuclear power plants, stimulating the active use of energy-efficient vehicles, increasing forest plantations, developing green finance and a system of trading quotas for carbon emissions, etc. It is worth highlighting the creation of an integrated system of meteorological observations, the implementation of projects for the regulation and distribution of water resources, the construction of experimental cities, information support for the population on climate change issues among the measures to adapt to climate change. China is a participant in many international events dedicated to climate change issues, including as an investor, and it also concludes bilateral and multilateral agreements on the considering issue, including with the EAEU and Russia.Conclusions. The predominant direction is climate change mitigation. The measures are mainly aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This is due to the need to ensure of the energy and environmental safety of China. Currently, China is recognized as one of the leaders in the development of a low-carbon economy. However, the country must switch to the path of “green” development, that is, to increase the share of renewable energy and nuclear energy in total energy generation and gradually to phase out the use of coal, oil and gas in order to achieve the goal of establishing carbon neutrality by 2060.

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BRICS Countries in International Climate Policy

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

BRICS Countriesʼ Progress in Achieving the Climate and Environmental Goals of Agenda 2030

BRICS Countriesʼ Progress in Achieving the Climate and Environmental Goals of Agenda 2030

Climate Security in States’Strategic Planning: the Case of Russia and Norway

Climate Policy in China: the Procedural Component

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