“…I contribute to the literature on enforcement and the incentives of local bureaucrats (Balán, Bergeron, Tourek, & Weigel, 2022;Amodio, Choi, De Giorgi, & Rahman, 2021;Khan, Khwaja, & Olken, 2016), and the use of technology to improve monitoring (Callen, Gulzar, Hasanain, Khan, & Rezaee, 2018;Dal B ó, Finan, Li, & Schechter, 2018;Dhaliwal & Hanna, 2017;de Rochambeau, 2020). The answer to the existence of spillover effects speaks directly to the important question of "How much do improvements in enforcement generate displacement in wrongdoing?"…”