Fungal endocarditis accounts for 1% to 3% of all infective endocarditis cases, is associated with high morbidity and mortality (>70%), and presents numerous challenges during clinical care.
Candida
spp. are the most common causes of fungal endocarditis, implicated in over 50% of cases, followed by
Aspergillus
and
Histoplasma
spp. Important risk factors for fungal endocarditis include prosthetic valves, prior heart surgery, and injection drug use.