Breeding Spring Bread Wheat for Irrigated and Rainfed Production Systems of the Developing World

Singh, Ravi P.; Trethowan, Richard

doi:10.1002/9780470376447.ch5

Cited by 32 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The Lr34 gene is globally used as a component of durable rust resistance in breeding programs. Additive effects of Lr34 and 3-4 genetically unlinked slow rusting genes result in high levels of resistance comparable to immunity and form the basis of durable resistance to leaf and yellow rusts in the spring wheat germplasm developed by CIMMYT (Singh and Trethowan 2007) and other wheat cultivars worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene-specific markers for the wheat gene Lr34/Yr18/Pm38 which confers resistance to multiple fungal pathogens

et al. 2009

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The locus Lr34/Yr18/Pm38 confers partial and durable resistance against the devastating fungal pathogens leaf rust, stripe rust, and powdery mildew. In previous studies, this broad-spectrum resistance was shown to be controlled by a single gene which encodes a putative ATP-binding cassette transporter. Alleles of resistant and susceptible cultivars differed by only three sequence polymorphisms and the same resistance haplotype was found in the three independent breeding lineages of Lr34/Yr18/Pm38. Hence, we used these conserved sequence polymorphisms as templates to develop diagnostic molecular markers that will assist selection for durable multi-pathogen resistance in breeding programs. Five allele-specific markers (cssfr1-cssfr5) were developed based on a 3 bp deletion in exon 11 of the Lr34-gene, and one marker (cssfr6) was derived from a single nucleotide polymorphism in exon 12. Validation of reference genotypes, well characterized for the presence or absence of the Lr34/Yr18/Pm38 resistance locus, demonstrated perfect diagnostic values for the newly developed markers. By testing the new markers on a larger set of wheat cultivars, a third Lr34 haplotype, not described so far, was discovered in some European winter wheat and spelt material. Some cultivars with uncertain Lr34 status were re-assessed using the newly derived markers. Unambiguous identification of the Lr34 gene aided by the new markers has revealed that some wheat cultivars incorrectly postulated as having Lr34 may possess as yet uncharacterised loci for adult plant leaf and stripe rust resistance. AbstractThe locus Lr34/Yr18/Pm38 confers partial and durable resistance against the devastating fungal pathogens leaf rust, stripe rust, and powdery mildew. In previous studies, this broad-spectrum resistance was shown to be controlled by a single gene which encodes a putative ATP-binding cassette transporter. Alleles of resistant and susceptible cultivars differed by only three sequence polymorphisms and the same resistance haplotype was found in the three independent breeding lineages of Lr34/Yr18/Pm38. Hence, we used these conserved sequence polymorphisms as templates to develop diagnostic molecular markers that will assist selection for durable multi-pathogen resistance in breeding programs. Five allele-specific markers (cssfr1 -cssfr5) were developed based on a 3 bp deletion in exon 11 of the Lr34-gene, and one marker (cssfr6) was derived from a SNP in exon 12. Validation of reference genotypes, well characterized for the presence or absence of the Lr34/Yr18/Pm38 resistance locus, demonstrated perfect diagnostic values for the newly developed markers. By testing the new markers on a larger set of wheat cultivars, a third Lr34 haplotype, not described so far, was discovered in some European winter wheat and spelt material. Some cultivars with uncertain Lr34 status were re-assessed using the newly derived markers. Unambiguous identification of the Lr34 gene aided by the new markers has revealed that some wheat cultivars incorrectly postula...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene-specific markers for the wheat gene Lr34/Yr18/Pm38 which confers resistance to multiple fungal pathogens

et al. 2009

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“…This led to the development of wheat varieties Nacozari F 76, Pavon F 76 and several others [56] which were released not only in Mexico but also in Ethiopia, Bangladesh, Pakistan and other countries. Pavon was released in 16 countries with different names ( Table 2).…”

Section: Breeding For Durable Rust Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accumulating minor genes for attaining desired level of resistance in a variety is a challenging task [56] as it requires identification of parents with minor genes, crossing them in specific schemes following back cross or top cross approach, maintaining desirable population size and selection of desirable genotypes from segregating populations. The crossing schemes and selections strategies used for breeding major genes based resistance are not suitable for breeding minor gene resistance.…”

Section: Breeding For Durable Rust Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Status and strategies in breeding for rust resistance in wheat

Khan¹,

Bukhari²,

Dar³

et al. 2013

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Wheat along with rice and maize is fulfilling half of the calories demands of the world. Global Wheat production has increased tremendously since green revolution in 1960's and helped in minimizing hunger and malnutrition. Developing countries, which consume 60% of the global wheat production, have shown a higher yield increase than the developed countries in the past [1]. It was driven by the hunger prevalence in these countries and was attributable to the introduction of high yielding and rusted resistant semi dwarf varieties developed under the collaborative efforts of International and National research systems during the last 50 years. Whereas, climate change and the emergence of new pests and diseases are threatening the food sustainability. The evolution of new races of disease pathogens like stem rust (Ug 99) is of serious concern. In order to feed the ever increasing population we have to increase wheat production at the rate 1.6% which can be achieved by developing high yielding varieties having a good tolerance level for biotic and abiotic stresses.

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“…Root diseases are considered to be important only during the conversion period from CF to OF [46,47]. In wheat, for diseases such as rust and powdery mildew, OPB can take advantage of the achievements that have been made in breeding for durable and broad resistance to these diseases [23,25,48].…”

Section: Traits and Sources Of Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant breeding for organic agriculture: something new?

Crespo‐Herrera

Ortíz

2015

Agric & Food Secur

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The role of both organic (OF) and conventional (CF) farming remains open to debate particularly when related to food security and climate change. Targeting plant breeding for OF can contribute to reduce its yield gaps vis-à-vis CF. Currently, the cultivars produced for CF are also used in OF, however, it is unreasonable that all lines bred for CF will always perform well in OF. Nonetheless, plant breeding goals for OF and CF converge at aiming for high productivity, host plant resistance or tolerance to biotic and abiotic factors, and high resource-use efficiency. Likewise end-use quality and local adaptation may be more important for OF as the resource recycling and quality of the inputs that are used vary from region to region, even though OF practices are highly regulated. This article provides an overview on organic plant breeding (OPB) with a perspective from conventional plant breeding, highlights the main traits, their source of variation, and what methods and tools are available for their breeding. It concludes listing some organic crop breeding achievements and providing an outlook on what needs to be done for OPB.

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Breeding Spring Bread Wheat for Irrigated and Rainfed Production Systems of the Developing World

Cited by 32 publications

References 68 publications

Gene-specific markers for the wheat gene Lr34/Yr18/Pm38 which confers resistance to multiple fungal pathogens

Gene-specific markers for the wheat gene Lr34/Yr18/Pm38 which confers resistance to multiple fungal pathogens

Status and strategies in breeding for rust resistance in wheat

Plant breeding for organic agriculture: something new?

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