Breeding Intermediate Wheatgrass for Grain Production

Bajgain, Prabin; Crain, Jared; Cattani, Douglas J.; Larson, Steven R.; Altendorf, Kayla R.; Anderson, James A.; Crews, Timothy E.; Hu, Ying; Poland, Jesse; Turner, M. Kathryn; Westerbergh, Anna; DeHaan, Lee R.

doi:10.1002/9781119874157.ch3

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 313 publications

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“…NPGS has been a valuable source for improving forage production and quality of IWG. Since the 1940s at least 12 new IWG cultivars and multiple germplasm registrations were developed from NPGS accessions (reviewed by Bajgain et al., 2023; Jensen et al., 2016). For example, the cultivars Greenar, Oahe, and Ree were all selected from PI 98568 (Hanson, 1972), while later cultivars including Slate (Newell, 1974) and Haymaker (Vogel et al., 2005) have parentage tracing back to PI 98568.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The successes, and even failures, associated with the efficient utilization of genetic diversity has applicability to crop breeding (DeHaan et al., 2016). This is especially true, as IWG has benefited from advanced molecular tools, and entire IWG breeding populations are routinely both genotyped and phenotyped (Bajgain et al., 2023; Crain et al., 2021a; Zhang et al., 2016). Approximately 14 cycles of selection have been completed since the original evaluations by the Rodale Institute (Kutztown, PA, USA) who first identified IWG as a potential perennial grain crop (Wagoner, 1990), and up to 10 of those cycles of selection have at least some level (varying from tens to thousands of genets based on the cycle) of genomic data using genotyping‐by‐sequencing (GBS; Elshire et al., 2011; Poland et al., 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since that time IWG germplasm used for grain breeding has gone through a strong bottleneck that originated from approximately 14 IWG genets, where genet refers to an individual, outcrossing plant with a unique genetic makeup (Zhang et al, 2016). Given the strong interest in breeding IWG as a dualpurpose perennial forage and grain crop (Bajgain et al, 2020(Bajgain et al, , 2023Cattani, 2016;DeHaan et al, 2018) and the expectation that breeding will introduce allelic shifts from historic populations (Fu, 2006), the NPGS IWG collection provides a wide range of diversity that could be utilized for future breeding progress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic insights into the NPGS intermediate wheatgrass germplasm collection

et al. 2023

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Genomic insights into the NPGS intermediate wheatgrass germplasm collection.Data Set: R scripts (as RMarkdown) for phenotypic analysis and genome wide analysis of intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium) National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) collections. All RCode is documented in RMarkdown. The entire workflow progress from 0_0 to 7_0 sequentially, with the RMarkdown files documenting analysis and files.Original sequence fastq files are a part of the NCBI sequence read archive (SRA) (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/) BioProject PRJNA866171. Sequence files are only needed if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are called using the TASSEL pipeline.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic insights into the NPGS intermediate wheatgrass germplasm collection

et al. 2023

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“…The basic evaluation and development of improved IWG since the 1980s was previously reported ( Zhang et al 2016 ) as well as the development of breeding programs and selection methods in programs established after 2001 ( DeHaan et al 2018 ; Bajgain et al 2023 ). As many of the breeding programs have a combination of pedigree or molecular data along with laboratory records, most improved IWG lineages can be traced back to their programs’ beginning material which subsequently traces back to RI selections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the genomic data, we inferred the most likely source of the 20 accessions in RI Polycross-1; however, most of the material we sampled was after Polycross-2 which had another severe bottleneck of only 14 accessions comprised of at least 14 and not more than 20 genets, Fig.1.Within the TLI breeding program, most of the germplasm was obtained directly from RI (Polycross-2 and Selection Nursery-2). However, there was evaluation and incorporation of several other NPGS PI accessions before TLI Cycle-6(Bajgain et al 2023). Within our analysis, assignment of single NPGS PI genets to their respective source NPGS PI accession was very high.…”

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confidence: 99%

Origin of current intermediate wheatgrass germplasm being developed for Kernza grain production

Wagoner,

Crain,

Larson

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Intermediate wheatgrass (IWG, Thinopyrum intermedium [Host] Barkworth & D. R. Dewey) has been developed as a perennial grain crop to provide ecosystem services, environmental benefits, and human food. Grain and products derived from IWG varieties improved for food production have been marketed under the registered trademark, Kernza. In the 1980s, a joint breeding effort between the Rodale Institute (RI) and the Big Flats Plant Material Center used IWG plant introductions (PI) from the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) and recurrent phenotypic selection to improve populations of IWG with the goal of developing a perennial grain. Initial selections were provided to The Land Institute where they were subsequently improved for grain production, yet the identity of the founder material of improved, food-grade IWG has not been publicly documented. Recently recovered original documents have been used to reconstruct the early breeding program to identify the most likely 20 PIs that form the founders of modern food-grade IWG. Molecular data using genotyping-by-sequencing in current elite breeding material, remnant seed from the initial RI selections, and preserved sample material have provided supporting evidence for the historical records. The genetic origin for food-grade IWG is focused between the Black Sea and Caspian Sea in the Stavropol region of Russia, with smaller contributions likely from collections as distant as Kazakhstan in the east to Turkey in the west. This work connects the flow of germplasm and utility of NPGS PIs to present day IWG grain cultivars being developed in multiple breeding programs around the world.

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Origin of current intermediate wheatgrass germplasm being developed for Kernza grain production

Crain,

Wagoner,

Larson

et al. 2024

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Intermediate wheatgrass (IWG, Thinopyrum intermedium [Host] Barkworth & D. R. Dewey) has been developed as a perennial grain crop for human consumption along with providing environmental benefits and ecosystem services. Grain and products derived from IWG cultivars improved for food production have been marketed under the registered trademark, Kernza. Development of IWG as a perennial grain crop began in 1980s with a phenotypic recurrent selection program as the Rodale Institute (RI) and the Big Flats Plant Material Center (BFPMC) used IWG plant introductions (PI) from the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) to improve populations of IWG. Initial selections were provided to The Land Institute (TLI) where they were subsequently improved for grain production, yet the identity of the founder material of improved, food-grade IWG has not been publicly documented. Recently recovered original documents have been used to reconstruct the early breeding program to identify the most likely 20 PIs that form the founders of modern food-grade IWG. Molecular data using genotyping-by-sequencing in current elite breeding material, and remnant seed and plant material from the initial RI selections have provided supporting evidence for the historical records. The genetic origin for food-grade IWG is focused between the Black Sea and Caspian Sea in the Stavropol region of Russia, with smaller contributions likely from collections as distant as Kazakhstan in the east to Turkey in the west. This work connects the flow of germplasm and utility of NPGS PIs to present day IWG grain cultivars being developed in multiple breeding programs around the world.

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Breeding Intermediate Wheatgrass for Grain Production

Cited by 14 publications

References 313 publications

Genomic insights into the NPGS intermediate wheatgrass germplasm collection

Genomic insights into the NPGS intermediate wheatgrass germplasm collection

Origin of current intermediate wheatgrass germplasm being developed for Kernza grain production

Origin of current intermediate wheatgrass germplasm being developed for Kernza grain production

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