Breeding for resistance: can we increase crop resistance to pathogens without compromising the ability to accommodate beneficial microbes?

Zuccaro, Alga; Langen, Gregor

doi:10.1111/nph.16610

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…They are actually part of the natural population of micromycetes in the rhizosphere. The observed impact may be an effect of the improved health and immune status of the mycorrhized plants, but data were accumulating about the presence of compounds in the chemical composition of the hyphal exudates released by AM fungi in the rhizosphere that can explain the presence of antifungal and, in some cases, antibacterial effects [ 13 , 18 , 59 ]. According to the data obtained by us on the population changes in the two trophic groups involved in the mineralization and immobilization of nitrogen-containing compounds in the soil, the participation of AM fungi in the mineralization processes was rather indirect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Response of Rhizosphere Microbiota of Garden Pea Genotypes to Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Kalapchieva

Tringovska

Bozhinova

et al. 2023

IJMS

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This study of a legume’s rhizosphere in tripartite symbiosis focused on the relationships between the symbionts and less on the overall rhizosphere microbiome. We used an experimental model with different garden pea genotypes inoculated with AM fungi (Rhizophagus irregularis and with a mix of AM species) to study their influence on the population levels of main trophic groups of soil microorganisms as well as their structure and functional relationships in the rhizosphere microbial community. The experiments were carried out at two phenological cycles of the plants. Analyzes were performed according to classical methods: microbial population density defined as CUF/g a.d.s. and root colonization rate with AMF (%). We found a proven dominant effect of AMF on the densities of micromycetes and actinomycetes in the direction of reduction, suggesting antagonism, and on ammonifying, phosphate-solubilizing and free-living diazotrophic Azotobacter bacteria in the direction of stimulation, an indicator of mutualistic relationships. We determined that the genotype was decisive for the formation of populations of bacteria immobilizing mineral NH4+-N and bacteria Rhizobium. We reported significant two-way relationships between trophic groups related associated with soil nitrogen and phosphorus ions availability. The preserved proportions between trophic groups in the microbial communities were indicative of structural and functional stability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Response of Rhizosphere Microbiota of Garden Pea Genotypes to Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Kalapchieva

Tringovska

Bozhinova

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Plants can alleviate costs associated with the defense of pathogens by the strict regulation of gene expression, which still has a trade-off with growth (Hu et al, 2018 ; Wang et al, 2021 ), or they may recruit protection from other species (Heil, 2002 ; Heil and Baldwin, 2002 ). Recent studies on the root microbiome of barley focused on selecting genotypes with the optimized accommodation of beneficial microbiota that may help to mitigate costs in defense against pathogens (Zuccaro and Langen, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we showed how the responsiveness of plants to a beneficial soil microbiome can be tested for diverse barley genotypes. Exploiting these traits in breeding for responsiveness to beneficial soil microbiomes (Zuccaro and Langen, 2020 ), accompanied by soil biome management for compatible plant-microbe interactions (Bell et al, 2019 ), will support low-input agriculture and sustainability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responsiveness of Elite Cultivars vs. Ancestral Genotypes of Barley to Beneficial Rhizosphere Microbiome, Supporting Plant Defense Against Root-Lesion Nematodes

et al. 2021

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Harnessing plant-microbe interactions to advance crop resistance to pathogens could be a keystone in sustainable agriculture. The breeding of crops to maximize yield in intensive agriculture might have led to the loss of traits that are necessary for beneficial plant-soil feedback. In this study, we tested whether the soil microbiome can induce a stronger plant defense against root-lesion nematodes in ancestral genotypes of barley than in elite cultivars. Plants were grown in a sterile substrate with or without the inoculation of rhizosphere microbiomes, and Pratylenchus neglectus was inoculated to the roots. Unexpectedly, elite cultivars profited significantly more from the microbiome than ancestral genotypes, by the reduction of nematodes in roots and the increased shoot weight relative to control plants. The elite cultivars had higher microbial densities in the rhizosphere, which were correlated with root weight. The structure of the bacterial and fungal community of elite and ancestral genotypes differed, as compared by 16S rDNA or internal transcribed spacer amplicon profiles in denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. The elite cultivars differed in responsiveness to the microbiome. For the most responsive cultivars Beysehir and Jolgeh, the strong microbe-induced suppression of nematodes coincided with the strongest microbe-dependent increase in transcripts of salicylic acid-regulated defense genes after nematode invasion, while the jasmonate-regulated genes LOX2 and AOS were downregulated in roots with the inoculated microbiome. The microbe-triggered modulation of defense gene expression differed significantly between elite and ancestral genotypes of barley. Soil microbiomes conditioned by maize roots suppressed the nematodes in elite cultivars, while the corresponding bulk soil microbiome did not. In conclusion, cultivars Beysehir and Jolgeh harbor the genetic background for a positive plant-microbiome feedback. Exploiting these traits in breeding for responsiveness to beneficial soil microbiomes, accompanied by soil biome management for compatible plant-microbe interactions, will support low-input agriculture and sustainability.

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“…As for the classical breeding, novel breeding protocols evaluating a genotype responsiveness to AMF colonization could takes advantage from the development of protocols for the high-throughput phenotyping platforms, allowing to test many plants contemporaneously. The combination with high-throughput genotyping systems already led to the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) linked to host benefit, supporting the feasibility of breeding crops to maximize profit from symbiosis with AMF [ 167 ]. In addition, QTLs with a role in colonization have been reported in several crops [ 167 , 168 ].…”

Section: Focus On Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis Responsiveness As ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combination with high-throughput genotyping systems already led to the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) linked to host benefit, supporting the feasibility of breeding crops to maximize profit from symbiosis with AMF [ 167 ]. In addition, QTLs with a role in colonization have been reported in several crops [ 167 , 168 ]. A relevant bottleneck that should be considered in field studies is the lack of appropriate AMF free controls when an exogenous AM fungal inoculum is applied to soil, rendering difficult the evaluation of the efficiency of the AM symbiosis in agriculture.…”

Section: Focus On Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis Responsiveness As ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbe-assisted crop improvement: a sustainable weapon to restore holobiont functionality and resilience

Sandrini

Moffa

Riccardo

et al. 2022

Horticulture Research

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In the past years, breeding programs have been mainly addressed on pushing the commercial features, forgetting important traits, such as those related to environmental stress resilience, that are instead present in wild relatives. Among the traits neglected by breeding processes, the ability to recruit beneficial microorganisms that recently is receiving a growing attention due to its potentiality. In this context, this review will provide a spotlight on critical issues of the anthropocentric point of view that, until now, has characterized the selection of elite plant genotypes. Its effects on the plant-microbiome interactions, and the possibility to develop novel strategies mediated by the exploitation of beneficial root-microbe interactions, will be discussed. More sustainable microbial-assisted strategies might in fact foster the green revolution and the achievement of a more sustainable agriculture in a climatic change scenario.

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Breeding for resistance: can we increase crop resistance to pathogens without compromising the ability to accommodate beneficial microbes?

Abstract: This article is a Commentary on Jacott et al. (2020), 227: 343–351.

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Population Response of Rhizosphere Microbiota of Garden Pea Genotypes to Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Population Response of Rhizosphere Microbiota of Garden Pea Genotypes to Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Responsiveness of Elite Cultivars vs. Ancestral Genotypes of Barley to Beneficial Rhizosphere Microbiome, Supporting Plant Defense Against Root-Lesion Nematodes

Microbe-assisted crop improvement: a sustainable weapon to restore holobiont functionality and resilience

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