Breeding for Nematode Resistance in Sugarbeet: A Molecular Approach

Kleine, Michael; Cai, Daguang; Klein-Lankhorst, R. M.; Sandal, Niels; Salentijn, E.M.J.; Harloff, Hans-Joachim; Kifle, Sirak; Marcker, Kjeld A.; Stiekema, Willem J.; Jung, Christian

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-5596-0_14

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In Arabidopsis, root tissue at the site of infection and along the path of migrating SCN became necrotic . A similar observation has been reported for H. schachtii in which larval death accompanies necrosis of cortical cells in the roots of resistant sugarbeet (Kleine et al 1997). In contrast, SCN does not elicit tissue browning/necrosis either at the site of entry or during migration in the cortex in Lotus.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Lotus japonicus: A New Model to Study Root-Parasitic Nematodes

Lohar

Bird

2003

Plant and Cell Physiology

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;Sedentary plant-parasitic nematodes engage in complex interactions, and induce specialized feeding structures by redirecting plant developmental pathways, and parallels have been observed with rhizobial nodule development on legumes. A model legume would greatly facilitate a better understanding of the differences between parasitic (nematode) and mutualistic (rhizobia and mycorrhizae) symbioses, and we have developed Lotus japonicus as such a model. Conditions for efficient parasitism by root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) of the widely used Lotus "Gifu" ecotype were established. Features of Lotus biology, such as thin and translucent roots, proved ideal for monitoring the progress of nematode infection both on live specimens and post-staining. We examined L. japonicus mutants with nodulation phenotypes. One, har1, which is a hypernodulated mutant defective in a CLAVATA1-like receptor kinase gene, was found to be hyperinfected by M. incognita. However, another hypernodulated Lotus mutant exhibited the same level of M. incognita infection as wild-type plants. We also established conditions for infection of Lotus by soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines). In contrast to the response to root-knot nematode, the Gifu ecotype is resistant to H. glycines, and elicits a hypersensitive response. This pattern of resistance recapitulates that seen on nematode-resistant soybean plants. We conclude that L. japonicus is a powerful model legume for studying compatible and incompatible plant-nematode interactions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Lotus japonicus: A New Model to Study Root-Parasitic Nematodes

Lohar

Bird

2003

Plant and Cell Physiology

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“…The dominant allele of the bolting gene B was combined with nematode resistance to accelerate generation cycles. The resistance‐carrying translocations from TR520 and NEMATA are derived from line A906001 (Kleine et al ., 1997) while the resistant line TR363 has been selected independently (Brandes et al ., 1987). All lines carry P. procumbens translocations attached to the same position at the end of chromosome 9 (Heller et al ., 1996).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rhomboid‐like protease gene from an interspecies translocation confers resistance to cyst nematodes

et al. 2021

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Plant-parasitic nematodes are severe pests in crop production worldwide. Chemical control of nematodes has been continuously reduced in recent decades owing to environmental and health concerns. Therefore, breeding nematode-resistant crops is an important aim if we are to secure harvests. The beet cyst nematode impairs root development and causes severe losses in sugar beet production. The only sources for resistance are distantly related wild species of the genus Patellifolia. Nematode resistance had been introduced into the beet genome via translocations from P. procumbens.We sequenced three translocations and identified the translocation breakpoints. By comparative sequence analysis of three translocations, we localized the resistance gene Hs4 within a region c. 230 kb in size. A candidate gene was characterized by CRISPR-Cas-mediated knockout and overexpression in susceptible roots.The gene encodes a rhomboid-like protease, which is predicted to be bound to the endoplasmic reticulum. Gene knockout resulted in complete loss of resistance, while overexpression caused resistance.The data confirm that the Hs4 gene alone protects against the pest. Thus, it constitutes a previously unknown mechanism of plants to combat parasitic nematodes. Its function in a nonrelated species suggests that the gene can confer resistance in crop species from different plant families.

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